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建设国家创新体系的的挑战 The Challenge of NIS

建设国家创新体系的的挑战 The Challenge of NIS. My personal concern. Stokes 1997 Research is inspired by: 研究的驱动力. Considerations of use? 是否考虑应用？. No 否. Yes 是. Use-inspired basic research (Pasteur) 应用驱动的基础研究 ( 巴斯德 ). Pure basic research (Bohr) 纯基础研究 ( 玻尔 ). Yes 是. Universities 大学

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建设国家创新体系的的挑战 The Challenge of NIS

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  1. 建设国家创新体系的的挑战The Challenge of NIS My personal concern

  2. Stokes 1997 Research is inspired by:研究的驱动力 Considerations of use?是否考虑应用？ No 否 Yes 是 Use-inspired basic research (Pasteur) 应用驱动的基础研究 (巴斯德) Pure basic research (Bohr) 纯基础研究(玻尔) Yes 是 Universities大学 Institutes under CAS科学院 Institutes under CAS科学院 Universities大学 Quest for fundamental understanding? 追求对基本理论的理解？ Pure applied research (Edison) 纯应用研究(爱迪生) No 否 Companies企业 Industrial Institutes

  3. Challenges that China faces中国面临的挑战 • Challenges that China faces中国面临的挑战 • A sustainable NIS needs works in three quadrants中国的国家创新体系需要在三个象限的科技活动 • At different stages of history the emphases were focused on only one or two of these quadrants but for the sustainable development of NISa balanced ecology of science community has to be kept为了国际创新体系的可持续发展需要保持科研活动的“生态平衡” • In the past several yeas the public funding increased dramatically but not necessarily true the efficiency and the impact generated国家对科技活动的投入大幅度增加，但效率和效果并未同步增长

  4. Restructuring is needed重建科技基础设施 • Restructuring the infrastructure从基础做起 • Not only funding but the full usage of government instruments各级政府应该运用各种调控手段，而不是单纯关注资助项目 • Pay more attention to “soft factors”更多关注“软环境” • Self-discipline, Self-Regulation自律 • Culture文化 • Team队伍（ quotation fromMei Yiqi academic giants vs. high buildings梅贻琦先生的话：大师和大楼) • ……

  5. Restructuring is needed重建科技基础设施 • Differentiate the governmental instruments according to the demand of different quadrants不同类型的工作需要不同的管理模式 • “Bohr’s quadrant” :more freedom to scientists玻尔象限-给科学家更为宽松的学术环境 • “Pasture’s quadrant”: breaking or lowering the barrier between the laboratory and the real world • Resources（funding, personnel, information, IP……)资源（资金、人员、信息、知识产权……） • Culture文化 • The case of Industrial Technology Research Institute, Taiwan (ITRI)台湾工研院的案例-官产学结合

  6. Restructuring is needed重建科技基础设施 • Differentiate the governmental instruments according to the demand of different quadrants不同类型的工作需要不同的管理模式 • “Edison’s quadrant” :main players-businesses爱迪生象限-企业为主体 • Right incentive（Tax incentive instead of public funding)正确的激励机制（税收杠杆还是直接公共财政投入） • Business environment (fair competition, IP protection…）企业环境（公平竞争、知识产权保护……）

  7. Stokes 1997 Research is inspired by:研究的驱动力 Considerations of use?是否考虑应用？ No 否 Yes 是 Yes 是 Quest for fundamental understanding? 追求对基本理论的理解？ JI Fusheng’s (my) quadrant ？ No 否

  8. Thanks 谢谢 JI Fisheng jifs@most.cn

  9. 所谓大学者，非谓有大楼之谓也，有大师之谓也 University (DA XUE-Grand School) • The vital elements of a university aren’t grand buildings but academic giants

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