1 / 42

DNA Replication

DNA Replication. Mr. Mah Living Environment. DNA (de-oxy-ribo-nucleic acid) a nucleic acid that stores and transmits the genetic information from one generation to the next. Where in the cell is DNA found?. People knew that DNA was made up of:. Adenine (A) Guanine (G) Cytosine (C)

nam
Download Presentation

DNA Replication

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. DNA Replication Mr. Mah Living Environment

  2. DNA(de-oxy-ribo-nucleic acid)a nucleic acid that stores and transmits the genetic information from one generation to the next

  3. Where in the cell is DNA found?

  4. People knew that DNA was made up of: • Adenine (A) • Guanine (G) • Cytosine (C) • Thymine (T)

  5. Your Challenge: Figure out the shape of DNA

  6. Erwin Chargaff • Discovered that in any sample of DNA, the amount of A equals the amount of T and the amount of C equals the amount of G. • This suggested that A binds with T and that C binds with G.

  7. Rosalind Franklin’sX-Ray Crystallography • Took x-ray photographs of crystallized DNA • Discovered that the shape of DNA must be a helix, because of the x-ray pattern • Died of cancer (too many x-rays?)

  8. An example of X-Ray Crystallography

  9. Watson and Crick • Credited for discovering the structure of DNA in 1953 • Used Chargaff and Franklin’s discoveries along with toy models to discover the structure

  10. A 3-D Model of DNA

  11. NUCLEOTIDES Made up of: • A phosphate group • 5 carbon sugar • Nitrogenous Base (nitrogen containing)

  12. PURINES • Adenine (A) • Guanine (G)

  13. PYRIMIDINES • Cytosine (C) • Thymine (T)

  14. Base Pairing in DNA A-T C-G

  15. Write the complementary DNA strand for each of these DNA strands: • DNA • GAATTACA • CCAATTAG • ATAGACAG • CCAGTACA • DNA • CTTAATGT • GGTTAATC • TATCTGTC • GGTCATGT

  16. Each of the 96 columns represents one DNA sequence. A different colored dye attached to each of the four nucleotides.

  17. Replication The act of making an exact copy of DNA

  18. Semi-Conservative Replication Each strand of the original molecule acts as a template for the synthesis of a new complementary DNA molecule

  19. With semi-conservative replication, each new strand is ½ new and ½ old

  20. Examples of DNA Replication

  21. RNA(ribo-nucleic acid)a nucleic acid that is a messenger between DNA and the ribosomes

  22. Differences between DNA and RNA • Different sugars (DNA=deoxyribose) (RNA=ribose) • RNA is single stranded (1 side) DNA is double stranded (2sides) • RNA has “U” (uracil) DNA has “T” (thymine)

  23. Always remember… RNAlovesU

  24. Write the RNA strand for each of these DNA strands: • ½ Strand of DNA • GAATTACA • CCAATTAG • ATAGACAG • CCAGTACA • RNA • CUUAAUGU • GGUUAAUC • UAUCUGUC • GGUCAUGU

  25. Transcription The process by which DNA is copied into mRNA

  26. mRNA Messenger RNA, is the copy of the DNA that goes from the nucleus to the ribosome

  27. FACTProteins are made up of amino acids

  28. tRNA Transfer RNA, matches up with mRNA and has an amino acid on its top

  29. CODON Each combination of 3 nucleotides on a strand of mRNA

  30. ANTICODON Each combination of 3 nucleotides on a tRNA

  31. Translation The decoding of a mRNA message into proteins

  32. rRNA Ribosomal RNA, glues together all of the amino acids into a polypeptide chain

  33. Table of Codons

More Related