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Water’s Effects on Shaping the Earth’s Surface

Water’s Effects on Shaping the Earth’s Surface. 10.4. Weathering. The process of breaking down rock into smaller fragments Two main types: Physical Weathering: physical means such as being scratched by other rocks, not changing it’s composition

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Water’s Effects on Shaping the Earth’s Surface

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  1. Water’s Effects on Shaping the Earth’s Surface 10.4

  2. Weathering • The process of breaking down rock into smaller fragments • Two main types: • Physical Weathering: physical means such as being scratched by other rocks, not changing it’s composition • Chemical Weathering: a chemical reaction causing the rocks to decompose or break down

  3. Physical weathering

  4. Chemical Weathering

  5. Biological Weathering • If physical weathering has occurred by an animal or plant: Biological weathering

  6. Deposition • Rocks and sediments are carried away eventually are DEPOSITED somewhere else Examples: Sand dunes and Deltas Note: deposition is also a term for a change of state from Gas to Solid

  7. Caves, Sink holes and Karst • Carbon dioxide is released from respiration • When rain water mixes with Carbon dioxide or from carbon in organic material -> the water becomes slightly acidic • Acidic rain water mixes with calcium carbonate in the ground which creates caves, sinkholes or karst

  8. Karst • An area with many sink holes

  9. Erosion by water and ice • Moving water • Fast moving rivers • Outside banks along the rivers • Ocean bluffs by wave action

  10. Landslides • Erosion by gravity

  11. Check • Give two examples of physical weathering • Ice or Frost Wedging and Erosion • What forms when carbon dioxide mixes with water vapour? • Carbonic Acid (Acid rain)

  12. Karst • An area with many sinkholes. • A sinkhole is an area where rock has been broken down by acidic ground water and it is close to the surface. Eventually over thousands of years, the ground above collapse. • Vancouver Island and the Rocky Mountains have many Karsts • Carbonate rock that reacts with any acid in the ground water.

  13. Deposited by water and ice

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