Energy Flow in Ecosystems

1. Energy Flow in Ecosystems

2. Essential Questions How are different components of an ecosystem related to and affected by one another? How do energy and nutrients cycle through an ecosystem?

3. Life depends on the sun …with our one notable exception!

4. Photosynthesis The process by which plants, algae and some bacteria use sunlight and CO2 to produce food.

5. Photosynthesis • O2 is a byproduct • 6CO2+6H2O+sunlight  C6H12O6+6O2

6. C6H12O6 • Glucose • Carbohydrate • Used for: • Metabolism • Reproduction • Growth • Some is stored in tissue

7. C6H12O6 • Glucose • Carbohydrate • Used for: • Metabolism • Reproduction • Growth • Some is stored in tissue

8. Producer • An organism that makes its own food • Autotroph • We’re talking about plants!!!

9. Consumer • An organism that obtains its energy from eating other organisms. • Heterotroph • Primary Consumer • A consumer that eats producers

10. Consumer • An organism that obtains its energy from eating other organisms. • Heterotroph • Primary Consumer • A consumer that eats producers • Secondary Consumer • A consumer that eats primary consumers

11. Consumer • An organism that obtains its energy from eating other organisms. • Heterotroph • Primary Consumer • A consumer that eats producers • Secondary Consumer • A consumer that eats primary consumers • Tertiary Consumer • A consumer that eats secondary consumers

12. Consumer • An organism that obtains its energy from eating other organisms. • Heterotroph • Primary Consumer • A consumer that eats producers • Secondary Consumer • A consumer that eats primary consumers • Tertiary Consumer • A consumer that eats secondary consumers

13. What eats what?

14. Herbivore A consumer that eats producers

15. Carnivore • A consumer that eats other consumers

16. Omnivore • A consumer that eats both producers and consumers

17. Insectivore • A consumer that eats insects

18. Scavenger • A consumer that eats dead animals

19. Decomposers • An organism that obtains energy by breaking down dead organisms

20. Where does energy come from? What did you have for breakfast?

21. Cellular Respiration • The process by which heterotrophs (consumers) break down food to create energy • C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy • Look familiar? • Photosynthesis 6CO2+6H2O+sunlight  C6H12O6+6O2 • All activities burn energy • Including not paying attention to me!

22. Energy Transfer When one organism eats another, energy is transferred

23. Food Chain The sequence in which energy is transferred from one organism to another. Grass Vole Fox Bear

24. Food Web • The Feeding relationships between organisms in an ecosystem • Multiple food chains put together

26. Trophic Level • A step in the transfer of energy in an ecosystem • 10% of energy passed on to next trophic level • Fewer organisms at higher trophic levels • Energy loss limits number of trophic levels • 4-5 max

27. Energy Pyramid Tertiary Consumer Secondary Consumer Primary Consumer Producer