Trends of Data Assimilation in the Power Sector

1. Trends of Data Assimilation in the Power Sector Martin Michek

2. The evolution of data processing on Earth Information is the basic building block of civilization • The volume of information in the world is more than double every two yearsand grows faster than Moore's law indicates - in 2011 -1.8 zetabytes data. This corresponds to more than 200 billion high-definition movies (each about two hours long). Continuous monitoring by one person wouldtake 47 million years.

3. Data from Metering - History • Commercial use of EE expands in 1880, it was important that the electrometer, as well as gasmeter, charges utility costs to customers properly rather than charging for a fixed number of lamps per month. • Many experimental types of electrometers were developed. Edison developed an electrochemical measurement system that uses an electrolytic cell to summarize the overall energy consumption. At regular intervals, plates were removed, weighed, and the customer was charged. Reading these gauges was labor intensive and poorly perceived by customers. • Year 1885 - Ferranti developed meter with a mercury engine with the registry similar to gasmeters - consumers could easily read the dial and check consumption. • The first accurate meter, which records the consumption of electricity was developed by Dr Aron Hermann, patented in 1883.Previous metering devices measured rate of energy consumption at given time, thus electricity. Aron´s meter recorded the total energy consumption over the time and it was showed on a number of clock dials. • Ripple control • First attempts to control appliances using the supplied frequency, connected to the grid, were in the early 20th in the last century in France. • The first ripple control transmitter was installed in the East Region of the former Czechoslovakia in 1962 (now part of Hradec Králové – Všestary).

4. The Volume of Processed Data from Metering New metering technologies • for the continuous reading - at least "100 values" / day (in the case of LP15: 96 values+ DV: 4 tariffs) 1. system information - identification device, TOU 2. information on consumption - LP15, registers of high and low tariff, maximum, ...3. Quality - LP10, failures identifying, overvoltage, undervoltage4. events / alarms - removing the cover, assault5. DTS measurements Internet Old metering technologies mechanical meters electronic meters without remote data transfer "2 values" / year (low and high tariff)

5. Data Storage

6. Metering Switchboard in the Substation 3 2 1 4 5 6 7 Facilities at substation:1. SIEM - aggregate electricity meter2. Concentrator3. Scalar4. AILO- failures of outletsmonitoring 5. UPS6. Heating, temperature7. Junction box

7. Data Allocation into Particular Areas Projected use of data from the EDM: Consumption and substation status monitoring on the low voltage level Calculation of technical losses, allocation of unauthorized consumption Even distribution of load indistribution system Identification of bottlenecks for investment planning and fixes Data for the supply settlement Balance calculations in areas Monitoring the quality of supplies Optimization of distribution system operation Events and alarms monitoring

8. EDM collection, processing and evaluationof data fromadvancedintelligentmeteringsystemsatallvoltagelevels Integration with Other Information Systems

9. The Current Situation in the Czech Energy Sector • Are weable to use the data? • Whenisitpossible to use the data? • When and how quickly will bethe implementation? • Do wehavesecuredsystemsagainstattacksenough? • Changing the structure and granularity of data that we use in the future? We do not have tested technology that would fully replace the existing systems! Do we believe in intelligent technologies? Do we believe in obtained data? Metering devices and concentrators standards are not defined. Stable and reliable communication channelshave not beentestedsufficiently. Long-term experiencefromabroad are missing. Wehavedifferent enter presumtionsthancountries in ourneighbourhood.

10. What Has to Happen? Old approach: New approach: Change in access to new technologies Changing the behavior of workers Higher level of integration of data / systems Change in working practices Higher degree of automation of data processing A higher level of security throughout the infrastructure

11. Comparison of the Czech Energy Sector with Other European countries • in the Czechrepublic, we have relatively flat LP            - Graph of a typical day 04/20/2011 • Volume share of measurement for supply point - 70% of the consumptionfrom network ofCEZ Distribution is measured by continuous metering

12. Comparison of the Czech Energy Sector with Other European countries • We have enough information about • consumption and balanced cash flow • Weoperate 50% oftheconsumption • on thelowvoltagelevel by ripplecontrol • Technical losses – comparison:

13. Inteligent Metering Systems in the Czech republic The default position in the Czech republic is significantly different than in the Europe, it is necessary to prepare ourselves. We have unique experience in the area of ripple control. We have a refined and optimized system of control , tariffs and regulations. The potential of existing technologies have been already almost benefitted, can not get more benefits. Currently there is gradual evolution in the field of measuring technologies in the Europe.

14. Thank you for your attention Long-term benefits in the Czech republic is necessary to look elsewhere from the perspectiveof an integrated datause throughout the electricity sector.