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Biogeoinformatics of sea anemones and other hexacorals

Biogeoinformatics of sea anemones and other hexacorals. Photograph by George Miller. School of Biological Sciences & Bioinformatics Institute 30 September 2004. Photograph by Louisa Preston. Large SEA ANEMONES (and their friends). Photograph by Jerry Allen.

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Biogeoinformatics of sea anemones and other hexacorals

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  1. Biogeoinformatics of sea anemones and other hexacorals Photograph by George Miller School of Biological Sciences & Bioinformatics Institute 30 September 2004

  2. Photograph by Louisa Preston Large SEA ANEMONES (and their friends) Photograph by Jerry Allen

  3. Anemones of more typical size (to 1 cm long) Photographs by Bernard Picton AN UNLIKELY-LOOKING ANEMONE (but rapidly becoming the best known) Photograph by Adorian Ardelean

  4. WHAT ARE HEXACORALS? (to a biologist) 1. Cnidarians -- 2. Of class Anthozoa which comprises two subclasses HEXACORALLIA (Zoantharia) and OCTOCORALLIA (Alcyonaria) Photos by George Miller

  5. ZOANTHIDEA ANTIPATHARIA Photos by George Miller CORALLIMORPHARIA SCLERACTINIA CERIANTHARIA

  6. Biogeoinformatics of Hexacorals (http://www.kgs.ku.edu/Hexacoral/) An on-line information resource system that consists oftwo interactive databases one dealing with taxonomy and biogeography of hexacorals (corals, sea anemones, and their allies) one dealing with environmental information for the marine environmentboth served and linked by front ends offering user support for searching, analyzing, and downloading the data

  7. SOMETHING ABOUT THE STRUCTURE AND CONTENTS OF “HEXACORAL” Technical details: Oracle, ColdFusion, ArcIMS SOMETHING ABOUT HOW MY COLLABORATORS AND I USE IT Three instances – present, past, and future

  8. Literature-derived, specimen-based taxonomic and distributional data 962 genera and 7664 binomens and trinomens 2592 original descriptions 2767 valid species 2439 type specimen lots (on line; nearly as many to be entered) 5374 images Holdings are most complete for the soft-bodied taxa, but data on Scleractinia are expanding rapidly and in coordination with NMITA

  9. SOURCES OF TAXONOMICALLY AND GEOGRAPHICALLY RESOLVED DATA Museum specimens Published literature Field work

  10. SOURCES OF TAXONOMICALLY AND GEOGRAPHICALLY RESOLVED DATA Museum specimens Published literature Field work

  11. INITIAL SEARCH PARAMETERS

  12. TAXONOMIC SEARCH

  13. THE BASIC INFORMATION * * *

  14. Syngraph a synonymy tool with both graphical and tabular outputs developed by Adorian Ardelean fully implemented for actinians being applied to other groups as the database expands

  15. Occurrence records displayed on a map use symbols of a different color for each synonymous name. This function can be used for investigating whether a synonymy is justified.

  16. For taxa with georeferenced records, a query of the companion global 30’ environmental database produces summaries of general environmental conditions for individual entries or a summary for the taxon

  17. A RESEARCH TOOL to know where to conduct field work Simple statistics are used to identify areas of “core” environmental values and outliers to predict habitats that might be vulnerable to invasion

  18. IMAGES original photomicrographs of type material illustrations from original descriptions original photos of type specimens

  19. INITIAL SEARCH PARAMETERS

  20. The combined search page yields an extended form of the “Hexacoral” species data link page

  21. Joint search products Classification from Hexacoral Images from NMITA

  22. Joint search products “Hexacoral” dynamic location maps of NMITA fossil occurrences NMITA stratigraphy

  23. Interoperation• allows users to o obtain and interrelate more data o analyze those data using more tools o formulate and address broad-scale questions• avoids duplication of effort in database entry• provides a double-check on data accuracy (aids in detecting errors, inconsistencies) and thereby improves data quality• increases accessibility and reaches a broader community, bridging bio- and geo-informatics

  24. An On-line Atlas of Marine Diversity Fish Net, and a growing inventory of others

  25. A biogeographic tale of two taxa (in three databases) Peder Sandhei Jay Baker (DBI00-97223)

  26. 10 SPECIES OF HOST ANEMONES

  27. Anemones of most host species seldom occur without fish symbionts Anemonefish never occur without a host anemone (in nature)

  28. TEST FOR ACCURACY

  29. TEST FOR ACCURACY

  30. 1872-1876 University of Kansas Digital Library Initiative to DGF, R. W. Buddemeier, S. Goodwin Thiel, with collaboration of J. Wood

  31. Sea anemones were collected from about 31 of 504 stations RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: REASSEMBLE NET CONTENTS Other databases contain data for other stations -- and those without certainly could use them This prototype will become a tool to link OBIS data, and will be extended to other expeditions

  32. Stations are searchable by number, date, location, and in two map forms – scanned and hot-linked images of original charts, and ArcIMS to provide data on environmental variables from point samples and other sources Prototype example

  33. Data recorded for each station are linked to user-selectable data on recent environmental conditions from the Hexacoral 30’ database (>200 variables) = 24.9o C

  34. RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: COMPARE EMPIRICAL WITH MODELED DATA -- Reynolds 2o (1854-2002) and Hadley Centre 1o (1871-2002) reconstructed monthly SST averages include the Challenger years = 24.9o C To test for quality and consistency of both and provide temporal and spatial environmental connections

  35. We know where animals live and have lived We know conditions characterizing those places We have forecasts of future conditions so we can predict what will (or will not) live in those places

  36. In the space of 150 years, atmospheric temperatures have increased beyond the range of past natural variations and also beyond the range of uncertainty in those variations 2 Northern Hemisphere Average Surface Temperature 1998 1 °C 0 -1 1400 1000 1200 1600 1800 2000 Year Mann et al. (1999) GRL 26:759-762

  37. Endosymbiotic dinoflagellates = Symbiosis break-down is a sign of stress (e.g. abnormally high or low temperature or salinity) BLEACHING

  38. But wouldn't that be good for reefs?? No because • it would take A LOT of heat to warm the adjacent waters sufficiently for them to be hospitable to reef-forming corals • shallow seas in the immediately adjacent higher latitudes have little suitable substrate And that’s not all…………

  39. In 150 years, humans have driven atmospheric composition well outside the stable multi-million year range of oscillation Vostok ice core records

  40. So, temperature is making equatorial latitudes inhospitable to reef-forming corals, but higher latitudes have too little calcium carbonate for them IN 50 YEARS

  41. SCLERACTINIA CORALLIMORPHARIA

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