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Solubility and the Dissolving Process

Solubility and the Dissolving Process . Chapter 7.2 and 7.3 . What is solubility?. The amount of solute that will dissolve into a solvent (at a certain pressure and temperature) Remember, solute is the smaller amount of a substance and the solvent is the larger portion of what is combined .

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Solubility and the Dissolving Process

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  1. Solubility and the Dissolving Process Chapter 7.2 and 7.3

  2. What is solubility? • The amount of solute that will dissolve into a solvent (at a certain pressure and temperature) • Remember, solute is the smaller amount of a substance and the solvent is the larger portion of what is combined

  3. Different substances have different solubilities… • Solubilities of some ionic compounds in water

  4. How to describe how much solute is dissolved in the solvent… • Concentration—the amount of a particular substance in a solution • Large amount of solute = concentrated solution • Small amount of solute = dilute solution

  5. How concentrated are solution? • Saturated solution—asolution that cannot dissolve anymore solute into it (It’s full!) • Unsaturated solution—asolution where more solute can still be dissolved into it (“contains less solute than the saturated solution”)

  6. Temperature… • The solubility increases as the temperature of the solution increases (if you heat up the solution, more can be dissolved into it!) • Supersaturated solution—a solution that holds more dissolve solute than the regular equilibrium saturated state

  7. How to make a crystal… • Heat up a solution, dissolve more solute in than can normally dissolve, then cool back down the solution • Add one extra bit of solute (a crystal of solute”) and the whole solution and extra solute will crystallize out!

  8. What affects the dissolving process? • Stirring or shaking (helps solute dissolve faster by bumping them against the solute particles faster) • Heating up the solvent (particles move faster with more energy) • Larger surface area  increases dissolving rate (more area of the solute to interact with the solvent)

  9. Solute affect the physical properties of solutions… • Adding solute will cause… • The boiling point of a solution to increase (boiling point elevation) • The freezing point of a solution to decrease (freezing point depression) • So, instead of water freezing at 0 degrees Celsius, it freezes at -15 degrees Celsius.

  10. Your mission… • …if you choose to accept it….

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