1 / 22

Electric Shock Therapy

Electric Shock Therapy. Good or bad?. Katie Robinson. History. Traces back to Hippocrates Malaria-induced convulsions cure the insane Convulsions and insanity cannot coexist. Julius Wagner- Jauregg. Austria. 1917. Noticed patients that survive high fevers become more sane

nansen
Download Presentation

Electric Shock Therapy

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Electric Shock Therapy Good or bad? Katie Robinson

  2. History • Traces back to Hippocrates • Malaria-induced convulsions cure the insane • Convulsions and insanity cannot coexist

  3. Julius Wagner-Jauregg Austria

  4. 1917 • Noticed patients that survive high fevers become more sane • Injected 9 chronic paresis patients with malaria • Four completely recovered, two improved

  5. Performed complicated treatment on 275 people at risk for paresis • 83% of people did not develop paresis • Awarded Nobel Prize in 1927 for his work

  6. Manfred J. Sakel Berlin, Germany

  7. 1927 • Working as an internist at Lichterfelde Hospital for Mental Diseases • Injected morphine addict with insulin • Caused an artificial coma – showed improvement mentally

  8. Overdose of insulin cause convulsions • Improved technique became “Sakel’s Technique” • Significant for psychiatry – first effective treatment for schizophrenia

  9. Survey - 1939 • American Psychiatric Association • 1757 schizophrenic patients

  10. Pennsylvania Hospital performed survey • 63% improved immediately • 42% improved within two years • More studies found results were temporary

  11. Ladislaus von Meduna Budapest

  12. 1933 • Unaware of Sakel’s discoveries • Experimented on animals first • Metrazolinduced convulsions

  13. 110 people – 50% improved, some cured • Violent seizures – spine fractures in 42% of • patients

  14. UgoCerletti

  15. Previously studied epileptics • Worked with LucioBini and L. B. Kalinowski • Tested electric shocks on mice

  16. Vast improvement in patients • 10-20 shocks on alternating days • Caused memory loss and distorted memory • of shock

  17. 1970’s • Used on unruly patients • Unstrapped and unmedicated

  18. Now

  19. General anesthesia and muscle relaxers • Typical number of shocks: 6-12 • Electrodes place on the head

  20. Side effects • Memory loss – short & long term • Studies shown memories can be retrieved • Some patients still have memory loss

  21. Study in July 2007 – some cognitive problems • Concerns about effects on brain structure • Inconclusive studies

  22. Famous people Who have received electric shock therapy • Ernest Hemingway (writer)– committed suicide • Silvia Path (poet) – committed suicide • Robert Lowell (poet) • Lou Reed (rock star)

More Related