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Chapter 24 – Viruses

Chapter 24 – Viruses. Mrs. Shanna Coan Biology Hartselle High School. a nonliving, infectious particle composed of a nucleic acid and a protein coat. VIRUS. a protein sheath that surrounds the nucleic acid core in a virus. CAPSID.

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Chapter 24 – Viruses

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  1. Chapter 24 – Viruses Mrs. Shanna Coan Biology Hartselle High School

  2. a nonliving, infectious particle composed of a nucleic acid and a protein coat VIRUS

  3. a protein sheath that surrounds the nucleic acid core in a virus CAPSID

  4. a membrane like layer that covers the capsids of some viruses ENVELOPE

  5. viral DNA that has attached to a host cell’s chromosome and the is replicated with the chromosome’s DNA PROVIRUS

  6. a virus that contains single-stranded RNA and produces a reverse transcriptase, which converts RNA to DNA RETROVIRUS

  7. an enzyme that catalyzes the formation of DNA from an RNA template REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE

  8. a virus that infects bacteria BACTERIOPHAGE

  9. a method of viral replication that results in the destruction of a host cell and the release of many new virus particles LYTIC CYCLE

  10. describes a microorganism that causes disease and that is highly infectious VIRULENT

  11. the disintegration of a cell by disruption of the plasma membrane LYSIS

  12. a method of viral replication in which a viral genome is replicated as a provirus without destroying the host cell LYSOGENIC CYCLE

  13. a virus whose replication includes the lysogenic cycle TEMPERATE VIRUS

  14. the viral genome of a bacteriophage that has entered a bacterial cell, has become attached to the bacterial chromosome, and is replicated with the host bacterium’s DNA PROPHAGE

  15. any agent that can incorporate foreign NDA and transfer that DNA from one organism to another VECTOR

  16. a type of drug that blocks the synthesis of new viral capsid and that is used to treat diseases such as AIDS PROTEASE INHIBITOR

  17. a gene that induces cancer or uncontrolled cell proliferation ONCOGENE

  18. a gene that regulates normal cell division but that can become a cancer-causing oncogene as a result of mutation or recombination PROTO-ONCOGENE

  19. a disease that is caused by new or reappearing infectious agents that typically exist in animal populations EMERGING DISEASE

  20. a virus that is not able to replicate in a host cell INACTIVATED VIRUS

  21. a weakened form, of a virus, that cannot cause disease ATTENUATED VIRUS

  22. an infectious agent that is made-up of a short, circular, single strand of RNA that does not have a capsid; smallest known particle that is able to replicate VIROID

  23. an infectious particle that consists only of a protein and that does not contain DNA or RNA PRION

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