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Overview of UK Employment Law. Alexandra Davidson Keystone Law July 2014. UK Employment Rights. Derived from two main sources Contractual rights Written or oral Enforced in civil courts and, to a limited extent, in employment tribunals Statutory rights Employment Rights Act 1996
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Overview of UK Employment Law Alexandra Davidson Keystone Law July 2014
UK Employment Rights • Derived from two main sources • Contractual rights • Written or oral • Enforced in civil courts and, to a limited extent, in employment tribunals • Statutory rights • Employment Rights Act 1996 • Ordinary Unfair dismissal • Automatic Unfair dismissal • Deduction from wages • Equality Act 2010 • National Minimum Wage • Includes enactments of EU-derived laws • TUPE • Working Time Regulations • Enforced in employment tribunals
Starting the relationship • Pre-employment checks • Discrimination on grounds of protected characteristics • Immigration status • Health questionnaires • References • Obligations owed to former employer
Defining the relationship • Types of contractual relationship • Employees • Workers • Self-employed
Categorising the relationship • Types of contract • Indefinite term • Terminable on notice period • Fixed term • No need for notice • Fixed Term Workers Regulations • Expiry of fixed term is a dismissal • Part time • Part Time Employees Regulations • Zero hours • Agency workers • Agency Worker Regulations • Swedish derogation
Regulating the relationship – s1 statement requirements • Holiday • 28 days minimum • Pension • Must provide access • Sick pay • SSP up to 28 weeks after 3 waiting days • Working time • Rest breaks, rest days, night working • Average working hours • Notice periods • Statutory minimum overrides the contract • Remuneration • Job title • Parties • Disciplinary/grievance appeals
Regulating the relationship – statutory issues • IP protection • Family rights • Ante-natal care/ risk assessments • Maternity leave and pay • Paternity leave and pay • Adoption leave and pay • Parental leave and pay • Time off for dependants • Minimum wage
Regulating the relationship – the contract • Probationary period • Right to benefits delayed • Short notice period during probationary period • Non-compete clauses • Flexibility/mobility • Other duties commensurate with status • Secondment to other group companies • Change in work location • Pay and bonuses • Benefits
Changing the relationship • Varying terms and conditions of employment • Is there a right to vary? • Seek employee’s consent • Terminate contract and offer new contract on revised terms • Follow proper procedure • ‘sound business reason’ defence to unfair dismissal claim
Discrimination • Must not discriminate on grounds of a ‘protected characteristic’ • Sex • Race, nationality • Sexual orientation • Age • Disability • Pregnancy/maternity • Religion/belief • Marriage • Gender reassignment • Applies to hiring, promotions and treatment in the workplace • Harassment • Victimisation • Conflicting rights
Ending the relationship • Contractual issues • Notice period • non-competes • Garden leave • references • Constructive dismissal • TUPE • Settlement agreements
Ending the relationship – statutory issues • Unfair dismissal • Valid reasons for dismissal • Conduct • Capability • Redundancy • Breach of an enactment • Some other substantial reason • Acting reasonably in the circumstances • Consultation • Other requirements • Fair sanction • Public Interest Disclosures (Whistleblowing) • Qualifying protected disclosure leading to detriment • Remedies
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