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HOW TO AVOID A GEAR-UP LANDING

HOW TO AVOID A GEAR-UP LANDING. Presented By Larry Enlow Aviation Safety Inspector Federal Aviation Administration Orlando Flight Standards District Office. ORLANDO FSDO-15 ACCIDENT & INCIDENT SUMMARY. 1998 1999 2000 2001

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HOW TO AVOID A GEAR-UP LANDING

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  1. HOW TO AVOID A GEAR-UP LANDING Presented By Larry Enlow Aviation Safety Inspector Federal Aviation Administration Orlando Flight Standards District Office

  2. ORLANDO FSDO-15 ACCIDENT & INCIDENT SUMMARY 1998199920002001 TOTAL ACC. & INC. 185 176 147 141 TOTAL GEAR-UP 35 26 19 11 TOTAL TRAINING A & I 60 38 24 28 TRAINING GEAR-UP 17 10 4 9 TNG. GEAR-UP WITH CFI 11 10 4 9

  3. WHY DO GEAR-UPS OCCUR ? SUPERFICIAL CAUSE: DISTRACTION OR NO CHECKLIST REAL CAUSE: INADEQUATE FLIGHT TRAINING IN RETRACTABLE GEAR OPERATIONS

  4. DEFICIENCY IN FLIGHT TRAINING CAN BE RESOLVED BY MODIFYING THE INSTRUCTIONAL METHODS USED DURING INITIAL AND RECURRENT RETRACTABLE LANDING GEAR TRAINING OPERATIONS

  5. THIS PRESENTATION IS DESIGNED TO PROVIDE AN EXTRAORDINARILY VALUABLE SET OF RETRACTABLE LANDING GEAR OPERATIONAL TECHNIQUES THAT WILL PREVENT A GEAR-UP LANDING

  6. RETRACTABLE LANDING GEAR TRAINING CONCEPTS PRIORITIZATION AIRCRAFT OPERATIONAL TASKS AND ASSOCIATED CHECKLIST ITEMS DON’T ALL HAVE THE SAME VALUE RETRACTABLE GEAR OPERATIONS HAVE SIGNIFICANT PRIORITY, AND MUST BE EMPHASIZED BY CFI

  7. RETRACTABLE LANDING GEAR TRAINING CONCEPTS POSITIONAL IMPRINTING IMPRINTING MEANS: “TO IMPLANT FIRMLY ON THE MIND OR FIX IN THE MEMORY” POSITIONAL IMPRINTING MEANS: “TO FIX IN THE MEMORY THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN POINTS IN SPACE DURING FLIGHT OPERATIONS AND THE NEED TO EXTEND OR RECHECK THE LANDING GEAR IN THE DOWN POSITION

  8. POSITIONS AND ASSOCIATED ACTIONS TO BE IMPRINTED TYPICAL TRAFFIC PATTERN ABEAM TOUCH-DOWN:GEAR DOWN

  9. ABEAM THE TOUCH-DOWN POINT

  10. FIXED DISTANCE MARKERS

  11. GEAR SELECTED DOWN

  12. GEAR CONFIRMED DOWN

  13. POSITIONS AND ASSOCIATED ACTIONS TO BE IMPRINTED TYPICAL TRAFFIC PATTERN ABEAM TOUCH-DOWN:GEAR DOWN BASE: 2ND GEAR CHECK

  14. SECOND GEAR CHECK ON BASE

  15. THREE GREEN

  16. POSITIONS AND ASSOCIATED ACTIONS TO BE IMPRINTED TYPICAL TRAFFIC PATTERN ABEAM TOUCH-DOWN:GEAR DOWN BASE: 2ND GEAR CHECK SHORT FINAL: FINAL GEAR CHECK

  17. FINAL GEAR CHECK

  18. THREE GREEN

  19. POSITIONS AND ASSOCIATED ACTIONS TO BE IMPRINTED TYPICAL TRAFFIC PATTERN ABEAM TOUCH-DOWN:GEAR DOWN BASE: 2ND GEAR CHECK SHORT FINAL: FINAL GEAR CHECK “ALWAYS HAVE AT LEAST THREE GEAR CHECKS”

  20. POSITIONS AND ASSOCIATED ACTIONS TO BE IMPRINTED PRECISION INSTRUMENT APPROACH SLIDE-SLOPE INTERCEPT: GEAR DOWN

  21. GLIDE SLOPE INTERCEPT

  22. GLIDE SLOPE INTERCEPT

  23. GEAR SELECTED DOWN

  24. GEAR CONFIRMED DOWN

  25. POSITIONS AND ASSOCIATED ACTIONS TO BE IMPRINTED PRECISION INSTRUMENT APPROACH SLIDE-SLOPE INTERCEPT: GEAR DOWN 500’ ABOVE DH: 2ND GEAR CHECK

  26. THREE GREEN

  27. POSITIONS AND ASSOCIATED ACTIONS TO BE IMPRINTED PRECISION INSTRUMENT APPROACH SLIDE-SLOPE INTERCEPT: GEAR DOWN 500’ ABOVE DH: 2ND GEAR CHECK RUNWAY IN SIGHT: FINAL GEAR CHECK

  28. FINAL GEAR CHECK

  29. THREE GREEN

  30. POSITIONS AND ASSOCIATED ACTIONS TO BE IMPRINTED PRECISION INSTRUMENT APPROACH SLIDE-SLOPE INTERCEPT: GEAR DOWN 500’ ABOVE DH: 2ND GEAR CHECK RUNWAY IN SIGHT: FINAL GEAR CHECK “ALWAYS HAVE AT LEAST THREE GEAR CHECKS”

  31. POSITIONS AND ASSOCIATED ACTIONS TO BE IMPRINTED NON-PRECISION INSTRUMENT APPROACH FINAL APPROACH FIX: GEAR DOWN

  32. POSITIONS AND ASSOCIATED ACTIONS TO BE IMPRINTED NON-PRECISION INSTRUMENT APPROACH FINAL APPROACH FIX: GEAR DOWN 500’ ABOVE MDA: 2ND GEAR CHECK

  33. POSITIONS AND ASSOCIATED ACTIONS TO BE IMPRINTED NON-PRECISION INSTRUMENT APPROACH FINAL APPROACH FIX: GEAR DOWN 500’ ABOVE MDA: 2ND GEAR CHECK RUNWAY IN SIGHT: FINAL GEAR CHECK

  34. FINAL GEAR CHECK

  35. THREE GREEN

  36. POSITIONS AND ASSOCIATED ACTIONS TO BE IMPRINTED NON-PRECISION INSTRUMENT APPROACH FINAL APPROACH FIX: GEAR DOWN 500’ ABOVE MDA: 2ND GEAR CHECK RUNWAY IN SIGHT: FINAL GEAR CHECK “ALWAYS HAVE AT LEAST THREE GEAR CHECKS”

  37. POSITIONS AND ASSOCIATED ACTIONS TO BE IMPRINTED NON-STANDARD ARRIVALS VISUAL APPROACHES BASE ENTRIES STRAIGHT-IN ARRIVALS “WHEN YOU START DOWN, PUT YOUR GEAR DOWN”

  38. POSITIONS AND ASSOCIATED ACTIONS TO BE IMPRINTED NON-STANDARD ARRIVALS “ALWAYS HAVE AT LEAST THREE GEAR CHECKS” MOSTIMPORTANT OF ALL: FINAL GEAR CHECK

  39. FINAL GEAR CHECK

  40. THREE GREEN

  41. SUPPLEMENTAL TECHNIQUES WHEN RETRACTING GEAR AFTER TAKEOFF, CONFIRM THAT IT GOES UP

  42. GEAR SELECTED UP

  43. SUPPLEMENTAL TECHNIQUES WHEN RETRACTING GEAR AFTER TAKEOFF, CONFIRM THAT IT GOES UP WHEN EXTENDING GEAR, PRIORITIZE TASK AND CONFIRM GEAR IS DOWN

  44. GEAR SELECTED DOWN

  45. GEAR IN TRANSIT

  46. GEAR CONFIRMED DOWN

  47. THREE GREEN

  48. SUPPLEMENTAL TECHNIQUES WHEN RETRACTING GEAR AFTER TAKEOFF, CONFIRM THAT IT GOES UP WHEN EXTENDING GEAR, PRIORITIZE TASK AND CONFIRM GEAR IS DOWN AFTER LANDING, CLEAR RUNWAY, STOP AIRCRAFT, THEN IDENTIFY AND VERIFY EACH ITEM BEFORE MOVING IT

  49. SYSTEMS KNOWLEDGE THOROUGH UNDERSTANDING OF RETRACTABLE GEAR SYSTEM IS ESSENTIAL TO AVOID A GEAR-UP • HOW DOES SYSTEM OPERATE ? • HOW DOES WARNING SYSTEM WORK ? • HOW IS SYSTEM PROTECTED FROM INADVERTENT OPERATION ON THE GROUND ?

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