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Lecture 7

Lecture 7. Lifestyle, stress, and health. Outline. Introduction Stress and health Biological components Psychological components Coping with stress Cognitive reappraisal Social support Relaxation and Leisure Activities. Definitions. Stress

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Lecture 7

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  1. Lecture 7 Lifestyle, stress, and health

  2. Outline • Introduction • Stress and health • Biological components • Psychological components • Coping with stress • Cognitive reappraisal • Social support • Relaxation and Leisure Activities

  3. Definitions • Stress • a pattern of physiological, behavioural, emotional, and cognitive responses to real or imagined “stressor” • Stressor • stimuli that are perceived as threatening well-being • Distress • negative psychological response to stressor(s)

  4. Types of Stressors (Sources of Stress) • Major Life Events • Daily Hassles

  5. Types of Conflict • Approach-Approach • Approach-Avoidance • Avoidance-Avoidance

  6. Stress and Health • General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS; Selye, 1956; 1993) In reaction to chronic exposure to severe stressors, the body goes through 3 stages, including: • alarm reaction • resistance • exhaustion

  7. Biological Components • Hormonal responses • Psychoneuroimmunological responses

  8. Psychological Components • Cognitive appraisals

  9. Coping with Stress • Coping strategy • A plan of action that a person follows to reduce the perceived level of stress, either in anticipation of encountering a stressor or in response to its occurrence. • Problem-focused coping • Any coping behaviour that is directed at reducing or eliminating a stressor • Emotion-focused coping • Any coping behaviour that is directed toward changing one’s own emotional reaction to a stressor

  10. Coping with Stress:Cognitive Reappraisal

  11. Coping with Stress:Social Support

  12. Coping with Stress:Relaxation and Leisure Activities

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