USE OF GIS IN CENSUS MANAGEMENT AND MAPPING: THE KENYAN EXPERIENCE

1. USE OF GIS IN CENSUS MANAGEMENT AND MAPPING: THE KENYAN EXPERIENCE Presented by Joseph Nyangaya Ndubi Kenya National Bureau of Statistics

2. Introduction • First census in Kenya was taken in 1948 • Followed by others in: 1962, 1969, 1979, 1989 and 1999 • From 1969 to date, Kenya has undertaken censuses after every 10 years

3. Introduction The country is organized into 5 hierarchical levels of administration ranging from: • Provinces, Districts, Divisions, Locations and Sub Locations • Villages are small units or entities within the sub location • Villages form the basis upon which the Enumeration Areas (EAs) are created • Census results are reported based on this arrangement

4. Introduction • Census maps first used in 1962 census • In the rural areas, maps at medium and small scales were used • In urban areas, large scale maps were used • There was great improvement in the maps used from 1979 to 1999 • Large to medium scale maps used in the agriculturally high potential areas • Sparsely populated Arid and semi arid areas are covered on 1:25000 scale

5. Introduction Importance of maps • Assist to delineate the country into small manageable units or EAs • Facilitate in assigning EAs to Enumerators • Enable enumerators to plan their movement within the EA • Help in budgeting • Help in presenting the census results

6. Introduction • GIS first introduced in the 1999 census mapping • Project was not very successful due to a number of constraints as explained latter in this presentation • Census in Kenya is carried out under the Statistics Act • The act empowers KNBS to carry out censuses and other Social Economic Sample Surveys for collecting data

7. Kenya: Administrative Provinces

8. The 2009 Kenya Population Census Planning When planning for the 2009 Census, much was borrowed from the 1999 Census on determining the requirements for: • Personnel • Materials • Equipment

9. The Census Geographic Frame Created based on: • The country hierarchical Administrative structure • Has Provinces, Districts, Divisions, Locations and Sub Locations • Semi official villages are small units within the sub locations • EAs are created within the sub locations based on villages • An EA has 49 to 150 households and must not cross the administrative boundaries.

10. Census Geographic Frame • Due to rapid population increase and change in settlement patterns, the government continuously reviews boundaries of administrative units • Hence the need to update the administrative boundaries and create EAs prior to a census • During mapping all the units to EA level are assigned unique identifiers or codes • The codes help in data processing to manage census documents and thereafter, to retrieve and manipulate data

11. Changes in the No. Administrative Units

12. Geographical Area Coding • This is a process of assigning unique identifiers to all Administrative Units and the EAs • The settlements are classified as either:- Rural, Urban, peri Urban and formal or non formal • The political units are also coded • The Geo-coding should be sound • Helps in retrieving, analyzing and manipulating data

13. Geo-Coding Frame

14. 2009 Pre-Census Activities • 2009 Census Proposal Paper prepared and adopted by Government in July 2006 for implementation • Planning for Cartographic Field mapping done • An Inventory of existing materials and equipment taken • List of required materials prepared • Some of the items already procured • Other items not yet procured

15. Use GIS in Managing and Mapping the 2009 Census • A review of the use of GIS in the 1999 Census made The constraints that hampered its success were identified as follows:- • Late Acquisition of the GIS facility • Inadequate software user licenses • Poor maintenance of the GIS facility • High cost of maintenance contract • Lack of adequate personnel with appropriate skills

16. Use GIS in Managing and Mapping the 2009 Census (Cont) • But it was realized that GIS held great potential in solving some of the problems associated with lack of availability of current base maps with appropriate scales. • Mapping the urban slum areas

17. Use GIS in Managing and Mapping the 2009 Census (Cont) So to address the above constraints the following have been undertaken:- • Training • Upgrading of the GIS facility • Maintenance Service Contract signed • Integrated use of satellite images, Aerial photographs and GPS with conventional base maps

18. Field mapping for 2009 census Implementation • Preparation of mapping manuals • Training of mapping assistants on: • Mapping of rural areas • Numbering of EAs • Mapping of urban areas

19. Field mapping for 2009 census (Cont) • Mapping of arid and semi arid areas • Mapping of national parks, forests, and other special areas • Composition of mapping teams

20. Field mapping for 2009 census (Cont) Work Schedule up to June 2009 • Nyanza and Western provinces were supposed to have been covered but will now be completed by end of this October Work is already running behind schedule due to: • Delay in disbursement of funds • Lack of vehicles sufficient vehicles • Delay in obtaining imageries for the urban areas

21. Data capture, map preparation and production • The process is on going but pace has been slow • The personnel carrying out field mapping are also engaged in map preparation • More staff to be hired to hasten the process

22. Printing, Packaging and dispatch • Printing, Packaging and dispatch of final maps will be done starting early 2009

23. Field mapping for 2009 census T H A N K Y O U