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Punishment, Extinction, Noncontingent Reinforcement

Punishment, Extinction, Noncontingent Reinforcement. Goals for Today. Discuss Different Types of Punishers Response Cost Time Out Overcorrection Discuss the ethics of using punishment procedures Review Extinction and Noncontingent Reinforcement. Response Cost.

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Punishment, Extinction, Noncontingent Reinforcement

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  1. Punishment, Extinction, Noncontingent Reinforcement

  2. Goals for Today • Discuss Different Types of Punishers • Response Cost • Time Out • Overcorrection • Discuss the ethics of using punishment procedures • Review Extinction and Noncontingent Reinforcement

  3. Response Cost • Contingent removal of reinforcers (a “fine”) • Allow for a buildup of reinforcers • Don’t gradually increase the fine • Don’t use to heavy a fine • Allow child an opportunity to earn reinforcers back • Are the items truly reinforcing • Implement CONSISTENTLY

  4. Remove access to reinforcement for a specific period of time Non-exclusionary Exclusionary Seclusionary Considerations: Make sure that reinforcers are not available Is time-out advisable given the function? Do not provide attention during/after TO Is this feasible? How long should a child be in time-out? Time-Out

  5. Punishment • Before using: “Did differential reinforcement procedures, extinction, and noncontingent reinforcement procedures fail?” • Primary • Conditioned Aversives

  6. Extinction • The removal of reinforcement from a previously reinforced response • Extinction burst • Spontaneous Recovery

  7. For More Information Austin, J. L., & Soeda, J. M. (2008). Fixed-time teacher attention to decrease off-task behaviors of typically developing third graders. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 41(2), 279-283. Axelrod, S., & Others, A. (1978). Overcorrection: A review and critical analysis Journal of Special Education. Alberto, P. A., & Troutman, A. C. (2009). Applied behavior analysis for teachers (8th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Merrill-Prentice-Hall. Carr, J. E., Severtson, J. M., & Lepper, T. L. (2009). Noncontingent reinforcement is an empirically supported treatment for problem behavior exhibited by individuals with developmental disabilities. Research in Developmental Disabilities: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 30(1), 44-57. Catania, A. C. (1998). Learning (nth ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. Cooper, J. O., Heron, T. E., & Heward, W. L. (2007). Applied behavior analysis (2nd ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Merrill Prentice Hall.

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