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21.1: CHANGING WAYS OF LIFE

21.1: CHANGING WAYS OF LIFE. OBJECTIVE: Learn about urbanization, Prohibition and the Scopes Trial. PROBLEMS WITH PROHIBITION. 1920: 18 th Amendment comes into effect with Volstead Act Saloons and bars close, but demand does not go away Government does not fund enforcement

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21.1: CHANGING WAYS OF LIFE

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  1. 21.1: CHANGING WAYS OF LIFE OBJECTIVE: Learn about urbanization, Prohibition and the Scopes Trial

  2. PROBLEMS WITH PROHIBITION • 1920: 18th Amendment comes into effect with Volstead Act • Saloons and bars close, but demand does not go away • Government does not fund enforcement • People make alcohol at home in “stills” or go to “speakeasies.” • Bootleggers and mob bosses like Al Capone make millions.

  3. http://www.historyplace.com/specials/calendar/docs-pix/capone.jpghttp://www.historyplace.com/specials/calendar/docs-pix/capone.jpg BOOTLEGGING, AL CAPONE, AND ALCOHOL RAIDS http://homicide.northwestern.edu/documents/prohibition.jpg

  4. EFFECTS OF PROHIBITION • Black market for booze booms • Smugglers bring in alcohol from Cuba, Canada and the West Indies • Police and judges become corrupt from accepting bribes • Cities become violent as mafia and gangs fight for booze market RESULT: By mid-1920’s, only 19% of US supports Prohibition. YET, not repealed until 21st Amendment in 1933.

  5. St. Valentine’s Day Massacre http://xroads.virginia.edu/~UG00/3on1/radioshow/chicago.htm

  6. RURAL V. URBAN IN THE 1920’sFACT: in 1920 51.4% of US lives in major cities. 2 million people leave rural America every year. In 1920’s: NYC had 5.6 million people Chicago had 3 million people Philadelphia had 2 million people • Cities are more competitive and less personal, yet more diverse and with more opportunities for work and cultural experiences. • Rural America feels threatened by the changes and “traditional values” are being disregarded by more and more Americans.

  7. RISE OF FUNDAMENTALISM • Emerges in 1920’s • Reaction to decline in rural life and “threat” of cities • Rejection of modernity, industrialization, and scientific evolution • Characterized by “revivals” • Charismatic leadership provided by Preacher Billy Sunday and Aimee Semple McPherson.

  8. Billy Sunday Revivals http://billysunday.org/images.php3

  9. The Scopes TrialAKA the “Monkey Trial” • 1925: Fundamentalists win battle to make teaching of evolution illegal in Tennessee • John Scopes, Biology teacher, arrested • ACLU hires Clarence Darrow as defense • William Jennings Bryan is special prosecutor • Nationwide audience (trial is outside b/c of crowds) • Darrow puts Bryan “on trial” • Scopes found guilty, pays $100 fine IMPACT: SHOWS GROWING CULTURAL DIVIDE IS THIS AN ISSUE TODAY???

  10. Clarence Darrow and William Jennings Bryan http://us.history.wisc.edu/hist102/photos/assets/photos/1050.jpg http://www.authentichistory.com/audio/1920s/images/scopes_trial_01.jpg

  11. http://www.creationism.org/

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