Basic Remote Control E lectronic Terms

1. Basic Remote Control Electronic Terms Motors, Servos, Receivers, Wiring, ESC’s, and Batteries.

2. Motors • Motors as we all know are what power our vehicles. And in our case there powering the propeller and the servos. • There are two main types of motors; brushed and brushless motors.

3. Brushed Motors A brushed motor works with two hard magnets on the right and left side of the motor one is north and the other is south. Two separated electro magnets are placed on the Axle, each electro magnet is connected to a Communicator which takes the current from the Brushes and transfers it to the electro magnets. Which then turns the Axle. --- The advantages of this motor is that is simple has only two wires that can directly connect to a battery; positive and negative. --- The disadvantages are that there is a lot of friction the between the Brushes and the communicator which reduces power and efficiency. Note: When the electro magnet is charged with a positive Charge the electro magnet is pulled to the north and when Negatively charged the electro magnet is pulled to the south. //Explain

5. Brushless Motors • As the name states Brushless motors have no Brushes. This motor works on a timing system rather than a physical system. Now there is three wires connecting to three electro magnets and the hard magnets are on the Axle. Basically one of the three electro magnets is charged with an positive charge which turns the axle in the direction of the electro magnet, then the electro magnet to the side is then charged with the positive and the cycle continues. Meanwhile the electro magnet that is follows the positive charge is negative. For example if electro magnet -1- is positive, then electro magnet -2- is negative. Since the cycle is timed the motor has to be controlled by an ESC (Electronic Speed Controller). • There for it cant be directly connected to a battery. • The good thing about this motor is that there is no friction except for the bearings and this means its extremely powerful and efficient. //Explain

7. ESC (Electronic Speed Controller) • The ESC is use to Control a motors speed via a Remote Control. There are two types of ESC’s available; Brushed and Brushless. Make sir that Brushed ESC’s work only on Brushed motors and Brushless ESC’s work only on Brushless motors. • The difference is quite plain, Brushed ESC’s have two wires going to the motor and Brushless ESC’s have three wires going to the motor. • An ESC works like this, power from the battery is delivered to the ESC and then waits for the signal from the receiver to start applying power to the motor.

9. Servo’s • Servo’s are small motors that produces A to B movement and are controlled directly from the receiver. Servo’s are used for moving control surfaces, and well anything that needs percentage movement. • (100% to -80%, 10% to -140% and so on). • Servo’s will pivot from 130deg. to -130deg. Full Rates. • Servo’s plug directly to receiver and wait to move until the receiver says so. • Note; Servo’s have steps, its not rigid, if you move the joystick a little the servo will move accordingly.

10. Batteries • Batteries are of course what powers everything, and most importantly the Motor. In our case were only going to be dealing with lipo batteries. • These batteries are a new coming in the RC world, they are powerful for there weight and have a much more consistent discharge rate. • Lipo batteries are a lot different then the standard nhmi are based on C, D, AA, AAA, batteries we see in everything, just nhmi batteries are rechargeable. • Lipo’s are Rechargeable batteries with lithium content which lightens the battery significantly and bumping the power up.

11. deifying Batteries • There are usually three numbers on a Battery that deify a it. • (V) Volts; Basically the amount of Volt the Battery contains. (11.1V) • (mAh) Milliamps; This simply stands for a gas tank, or the Capacity of the battery. (Run Time) • ( C ) Discharge; The rate that the battery releases its Charge or Amps. (More Discharge = More Amps)

12. 7.4V--/--4000mAh--/--20C

13. Lipo Battery Warnings • Warnings; A lipo battery is a lot different then the old nhmi batteries and there's a couple things to take note on. • First and most important is DON’T OVER AMP the battery, the battery dose a good job of keeping cool so if it starts to get hot above 80deg. your over amping the Battery. This can cause permit damage to the battery. You over amp a lipo battery from running a motor system that is drawing more amps than the battery can discharge. (use a higher ( C ) lipo battery our use lower amp draw motor system). • Secondly DON’T DRAIN BATTERY DEAD. Unlike nhmi batteries were you have to drain the battery dead before recharging, lipo don’t like that, when you start to notice a large drop in power cut the power, land, and unplug the battery. Lipo’s must have sum amount of charge before recharging. • Lastly DON’T short out the battery, and if you start to notice the lipo battery is expanding and ballooning unplug the battery and decimation it, the battery is ruined.

14. Transmitters and Receivers(TX and RX) • Transmitters and Receivers are the radio system that controls the electronics. The Transmitter or (TX) is what you have in your hands with the joysticks, switches, and buttons. The transmitter sends a signal to the Receiver which then controls the Motors, ESC , Servo’s, etc. • Note; there is a couple things to look for when working with a Transmitter and Receiver, first there is a term called Channels. Channels is simply the amount of functions the Transmitter can do. In our case the lowest Channels is Four.Elevator, Aileron, Throttle, and Rudder. Extras are Flap, Airbrakes, Retraced Gear, and bomb drop.

16. Well That’s It