Plants – Vocabulary and Processes

1. Plants – Vocabulary and Processes

2. Plant Vocabulary • Roots – secure the plant in the ground; take the water & nutrients from the soil • Stem – connects the leaves to the roots; helps hold the leaves up to the sunlight • Leaves – grow from the stem; collect sunlight to make food for the plant

3. Plant Vocabulary • Flowers – produce seeds; attract and feed some pollinating birds and insects • Fruit – contains seeds that can be planted • Seeds – have hard coatings to protect the tiny new plant parts inside

4. Petals – shelter the inside of the flower; attracts insects & birds by the color Sepals – outermost part of the flower to protect the inner parts of the flower Plant Vocabulary

5. Plant Vocabulary • Pistil – female part of a flower • Stamens – male parts of a flower that surround the pistil • Pollen – yellow dust from the stamen that is moved to the pistil during pollination

6. Photosynthesis • Photosynthesis (photo – “light”, synthesis – “to put together”) – process of how the plant makes its own food

7. Photosynthesis 1. Chlorophyll (in green plant cells) collects energy from the sun. 2. The Sun’s energy splits the water molecules (from the soil) into hydrogen & oxygen

8. Photosynthesis 3. The hydrogen joins with carbon dioxide (that the plant takes in) to make sugar (food). The sugar is not your normal sugar. It’s used to make more complex substances like fats, proteins, etc.

9. Photosynthesis 4. Sugar is carried to other parts of the plant. Extra oxygen is released into the air. Light + Water + carbon dioxide = glucose (sugar) + oxygen

10. Transpiration 1. Plants absorb water from the soil. 2. Water moves from the roots through the stems to the leaves.

11. Transpiration 3. The leaves have a small opening called a stomata. Guard cells surround the stomata & control how much the stomata opens.

12. Transpiration 4. Some water from the leaves evaporates through the stomata.