Do Now

1. Do Now Take out homework put in middle of table Yellow group Blue group- pass to left or right. Put under blue boxes in corner Set up notebooks Write hw in agenda (handout included for tonight’s hw assignment) due next Monday october 29

2. Due: October 30th Tuesday • Include at least 3 reasons why your pharaoh is better • Choice: write 2 or 3 paragraphs • Paragraph 1 – summary of Hatshepsut (7-8 sentences) • Paragraph 2- summary of Ramses II ( 7-8 sentences) • Paragraph 3- at least 3 reasons why your pharaoh is better

3. Sentence starters… • Paragraph 2/3: In my opinion, pharaohs name is the better pharaoh because of his/her dedication to the Egyptian people.

4. 10-23-12 10-23-12 Observe, Question, Comment Do Now: 1. Identify jobs and social roles of ancient Egyptians? 2. Explain Egyptian religious beliefs 3. How did the Egyptians develop the idea for a 365- day calendar? Life in Ancient Egypt: Social roles, religion, and government Notes: [Tape map worksheets here] 26L 26R

5. What were rulers like in Egypt?? • What is a pharaoh?? • Pharaohs are the rulers of Egypt!! • First, rulers in the united Egypt ruled by conquest; however, in order to successfully rule a region, a ruler needed more than just military power. • A ruler needed to persuade Egyptians to accept his authority. • A person with authority has the right to control other people.

6. How did a ruler gain authority?? • Egypt was such a large region and spread out over hundreds of miles; therefore, it was a challenge to have that many people accept the authority of one ruler. • Challenge-difficult task that needs special effort • Pharaohs were able to meet this challenge two ways. • 1.) They based their authority on religious beliefs • 2.) They provided Egypt with a good government. • Let’s look at both of these in more depth…

7. The God-king • Egyptians believed that gods controlled everything on Earth. • The pharaoh controlled Egypt, so people saw him or her as a god-king!! • Egyptians thought that after the death of a pharaoh, he or she would join the other gods and live forever.

8. A good government • Pharaohs were able to provide Egypt with a good government. • One way they were able to do this was by leading religious rituals to ensure that the Nile River flooded every year. Why was it important for the Nile to flood?? • Ritual-a ceremony enacted, or performed, in the same way time after time. • In order to protect all of the Egyptian people, the pharaohs established a well-run government to carry out all of the responsibilities. • Established-set up; start • Priests and officials followed many of the pharaoh’s orders, and enacted them along the entire Nile River. • Pharaohs enforced the laws, collected taxes, and organized building projects.

10. Egyptian Government and Gods • The rulers in Egypt were called pharaohs. The word pharaoh actually means, “great house.” • Egyptians believed that the gods controlled everything that happened on earth. • Egyptians believed in POLYTHEISM, the belief in many gods. They thought that there were gods for everything, such as the god of harvest, the god of the Nile, etc. The most important god was the sun god, Ra. • The Egyptians believed that gods had the body of a human and the head of an animal.

11. Afterlife • Egyptians believed in the afterlife, or life after death. • They thought that they would enjoy all of the things that they loved in life, as long as they prepared for it. • Egyptians believed that the afterlife was much like regular life!! • Egyptians would mummify their pharaohs or wealthy people, in order to preserve them for the afterlife.

12. Rulers: Hatshepsut and Ramses II • In the Egypt unit, we talked about two important pharaohs, Hatshepsut and Ramses II. • Hatsheptsut- • Hatshepsut was the only female pharaoh who held all of the titles of pharaoh. • She was able to take control of the Egyptian government because her nephew was too young to rule at the time. • Her reign was a time of peace and prosperity, or wealth. • Ramses II- • Ramses was a bit different than Hatshepsut because he was big on war. • He had four 67-foot stone statue likenesses and two temples built at Abu Simbel. • He had what color hair?? RED!!!!

13. Egyptian Writing • The earliest Egyptian writing was called hieroglyphics!! • Hieroglyphics could not be read until the Rosetta Stone. • The Egyptians who did all of the writing were called scribes. It was their job to write down any and all information necessary.

14. Quiz 6.2.3 • Take out a half sheet of paper label like this: Name: Date: History Period: Quiz 6.2.3 Egyptian Religion and Social Order 1.) 2.) 3.) 4.) 5.)

15. #1 • Many Egyptian gods had • A. pyramids built to honor them • B. the body of a human and head of an animal • C. been pharaohs who became gods upon their death • D. pharaohs named after them

16. #2 • A religious similarity between the Mesopotamians and Egyptians was that • A. they both had many gods • B. their gods all looked like animals • C. their gods all looked like people • D. they both believed in monotheism

17. #3 • The ancient Egyptian's sun god was • A. Osiris • B. Anubis • C. Ra • D. Hathor

18. #4 • The Egyptian god of the underworld was • A.) Horus • B.) Isis • C.) Ra • D.) Osiris

19. #5 • Who was in the TOP level of the social structure in Egypt? • A.) Pharaohs and Priests • B.) Priests and Kings • C.) Pharaohs • D.) Nobles, Priests, and Officials

20. Answers 1. B 2. A 3. C 4. D 5. C

21. Any final questions about Ancient Egypt?!?!

22. Homework!! • Write two paragraph persuasive essay on two important pharaohs- Hatshepsut and Ramses II • Which one is a better ruler? Provide evidence, examples, and persuasive writing language • You may wish to type your essay • Include pictures • If you need to print- save your work on a flash drive and bring Wednesday • Good Luck and see me if you need help! 