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EUROFEL DS3 -DS4 TASK meeting Proposed synchronization schemes for 4GLS: impact on EUROFEL DS3

EUROFEL DS3 -DS4 TASK meeting Proposed synchronization schemes for 4GLS: impact on EUROFEL DS3. Synchronization issues Proposed schemes Workplan for EUROFEL DS3. Mario Ferianis - Sincrotrone Trieste, Italy CEA, Saclay 16-17 May 2005. Synchronization issues.

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EUROFEL DS3 -DS4 TASK meeting Proposed synchronization schemes for 4GLS: impact on EUROFEL DS3

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  1. EUROFELDS3-DS4 TASK meetingProposed synchronization schemes for 4GLS: impact on EUROFEL DS3 • Synchronization issues • Proposed schemes • Workplan for EUROFEL DS3 Mario Ferianis - Sincrotrone Trieste, Italy CEA, Saclay 16-17 May 2005 EUROFEL DS3-DS4 TASK meeting CEA - Saclay, 16-17 MAY 2005 M. Ferianis

  2. Synchronization issues • In 3GLS, synchronization is used for • Injector: tens of ps  ts-band / 10  30ps • Injection and extraction systems: 100s of ps • Bunch diagnostics and feedback systems: few ps • Time-resolved experiments (laser to hn synch.): few ps • Being the bunch length tB40psFWHM, typically the required jitter is at the few psRMS level • In 4GLS, synchronization is a key feature due to: • sub-ps bunch length, achievable in single pass accelerator • extensive adoption of fs lasers, both embedded in the radiation production process and foreseen for time resolved experiments • Minimum required synch. : <10fs level (i.e. seeding laser) EUROFEL DS3-DS4 TASK meeting CEA - Saclay, 16-17 MAY 2005 M. Ferianis

  3. Synchronization issues:some thoughts from my “bulleted list”, 01/2004 • The synchronization (after the greek verb: sugronizw=to be/to happen at the same time) of a system can be defined as its property of sharing a common time reference and distributed among its different sub-systems. Synchronous sub-systems, therefore, can operate at fixed relative time instants. The term “timing system” is frequently used as synonymous of synchronization system. • The preservation of the synchronization over long terms is called stability: a synchronous system is also stable when its synchronization is kept over long times, order of magnitude larger than the “event”. • Femto-second x-ray Light Source test stands have already proven to generate sub-picosecond (10-14s) x-ray pulses, at repetion rates of few Hertz (10-2s), to be delivered during User Shifts of many hours (104s). Therefore, the synchronization of a femto-second x-ray Light Source has to deal with 18 order of magnitude, which calls for state of the art solutions. EUROFEL DS3-DS4 TASK meeting CEA - Saclay, 16-17 MAY 2005 M. Ferianis

  4. Synchronization & Stability • Do we really need both fs synchronization &stability? • During the 1st FERMI User Workshop, there have been some discussions about it…turned out that: “each LINAC shot (FEL pulse) is like one experiment” • So, what Users are really needing is fs synchronization, but relative to events within one machine cycle: tREP=20ms (50Hz) for FERMI • What do they really care is that pump pulses are stable (<10fsRMS ) w.r.t. probe pulses, considered as associated pairs! • Furthermore, both the physical phenomena and the related data taking techniques on fs experiments complete well before milliseconds repetition period EUROFEL DS3-DS4 TASK meeting CEA - Saclay, 16-17 MAY 2005 M. Ferianis

  5. ABSOLUTE STABILITY Optical Reference laser pulse PC laser pulse on cathode Phase of accelerating voltage Laser Heater pulse Seed Laser pulse Cross-correlator Laser pulse Probe Laser pulse JITTER JITTER Pump Laser pulse Synchronization issues:sequence of synchronous events ms range ns range EUROFEL DS3-DS4 TASK meeting CEA - Saclay, 16-17 MAY 2005 M. Ferianis

  6. Master oscillator Fiber link synchronization UV Hall X-ray Hall Seed laser Pump laser Seed laser Pump laser Undulators 100 nm Undulators 30 nm 1 nm Injector laser 10 nm 0.3 nm SC Linac 0.3 nm SC Linac 0.1 nm 1 GeV 2 GeV 4 GeV 10 nm Future upgrade to 0.1 nm at 8 GeV 3 nm 1 nm Undulators Seed laser Pump laser Nanometer Hall Proposed schemes:a general layout for a 4GLS synchronization system 9/26/2014W.S. Graves, MIT Bates Laboratory MIT Optics & Quantum Electronics Group EUROFEL DS3-DS4 TASK meeting CEA - Saclay, 16-17 MAY 2005 M. Ferianis

  7. Synchronization issues: adopted optical techniques EUROFEL DS3-DS4 TASK meeting CEA - Saclay, 16-17 MAY 2005 M. Ferianis

  8. EUROFEL DS3-DS4 TASK meeting CEA - Saclay, 16-17 MAY 2005 M. Ferianis

  9. Amplitude vs. carrier Amp. [dBc/Hz] f0=carrier Sidebands Synchronization issues:phase noise representation “Phase Noise and Jitter”, N. Roberts, ZARLINK semicond. EE Design, July 14 2003 EUROFEL DS3-DS4 TASK meeting CEA - Saclay, 16-17 MAY 2005 M. Ferianis

  10. Flicker noise White frequency: uncorrelated fluctuations of the osc. period; thermal noise 1/fm0 Synchronization issues:phase noise to jitter conversion “Phase Noise and Jitter”, N. Roberts, ZARLINK semicond. EE Design, July 14 2003 EUROFEL DS3-DS4 TASK meeting CEA - Saclay, 16-17 MAY 2005 M. Ferianis

  11. “Phase Noise and Jitter”, N. Roberts, ZARLINK semicond. EE Design, July 14 2003 Synchronization issues EUROFEL DS3-DS4 TASK meeting CEA - Saclay, 16-17 MAY 2005 M. Ferianis

  12. Synchronization issues 10dBc / 3 decades: L(f)=1/SQRT(f3) “Phase Noise and Jitter”, N. Roberts, ZARLINK semicond. EE Design, July 14 2003 EUROFEL DS3-DS4 TASK meeting CEA - Saclay, 16-17 MAY 2005 M. Ferianis

  13. SSB Phase noise measurement:effects due to Instrument powering cofiguration:ac vs. battery source EUROFEL DS3-DS4 TASK meeting CEA - Saclay, 16-17 MAY 2005 M. Ferianis

  14. Proposal for fs synchronization:RLE @ MIT + DESY EUROFEL DS3-DS4 TASK meeting CEA - Saclay, 16-17 MAY 2005 M. Ferianis

  15. Measured fiber laser performanceF.O. Ilday et al. “Laser Technology for X-ray FELs: fs synchronization …” presented at Erl 2005 workshop, JLAB EUROFEL DS3-DS4 TASK meeting CEA - Saclay, 16-17 MAY 2005 M. Ferianis

  16. Synchronization issues: stabilized FO linkLasers and RF-Timing,Franz X. Kaertner, RLE MIT PZT Cross Correlator Fiber Fixed Length L ML - Laser Far end local end EUROFEL DS3-DS4 TASK meeting CEA - Saclay, 16-17 MAY 2005 M. Ferianis

  17. Proposed schemes:Optical to RF conversion RF synchronous to optical pulses EUROFEL DS3-DS4 TASK meeting CEA - Saclay, 16-17 MAY 2005 M. Ferianis

  18. Proposed schemes: Optical to RF conversion EUROFEL DS3-DS4 TASK meeting CEA - Saclay, 16-17 MAY 2005 M. Ferianis

  19. Locking of two fiber lasersF.O. Ilday et al. “Laser Technology for X-ray FELs: fs synchronization …” presented at Erl 2005 workshop, JLAB Long FO link Reference laser: LOCAL Second laser: REMOTE EUROFEL DS3-DS4 TASK meeting CEA - Saclay, 16-17 MAY 2005 M. Ferianis

  20. Stabilization of reference signal distribution25GHz, 1km of fiber, 15 hour test EUROFEL DS3-DS4 TASK meeting CEA - Saclay, 16-17 MAY 2005 M. Ferianis

  21. EUROFEL DS3-DS4 TASK meeting CEA - Saclay, 16-17 MAY 2005 M. Ferianis

  22. Stabilization of FO link: LBL proposal R. Wilcox, J. W. Staples LBL, R. Holzwarth, Menlo Systems “Optical Synchronization Systems for fs x-ray sources” PAC ‘05 close end far end EUROFEL DS3-DS4 TASK meeting CEA - Saclay, 16-17 MAY 2005 M. Ferianis

  23. Proof of principle of Mach-Zender interferometer: with 40m of fiber in one arm showing 100s fs of jitter, it has been reduced to 0.85fs! R. Wilcox, J. W. Staples LBL, R. Holzwarth, Menlo Systems “Optical Synchronization Systems for fs x-ray sources” PAC ‘05 EUROFEL DS3-DS4 TASK meeting CEA - Saclay, 16-17 MAY 2005 M. Ferianis

  24. Stabilization of FO link: LBL proposal R. Wilcox, J. W. Staples LBL, R. Holzwarth, Menlo Systems “Optical Synchronization Systems for fs x-ray sources” PAC ‘05 since heterodyning preserves phases, phase shifts in the 110MHz is reflected in identical phase shift in the optical signal: 1deg @110MHz==1 deg optical 0.014fs!!! EUROFEL DS3-DS4 TASK meeting CEA - Saclay, 16-17 MAY 2005 M. Ferianis

  25. Multiple frequencies vs. Pulse train • Multiple frequencies* • Lower peak optical power, below non-linear effects threshold (Brillouin, Raman) • With RF beat detection, optical to RF conversion efficiency is maximized, opposed to extraction of a high harmonic from a pulse train (losses in BP filter) • Phase detection is measuring very high frequency beat between optical waves rather than at lower m-waves • Pulse train • No need to delivery at the far end the 110MHz signal • Can distribute either 100MHz or 3GHz signal (direct O/E conversion for the RF plants) • Can be used as seed for other lasers and as ref pulse in diagnostics * R. Wilcox, J. W. Staples LBL, R. Holzwarth, Menlo Systems “Optical Synchronization Systems for fs x-ray sources” PAC ‘05 EUROFEL DS3-DS4 TASK meeting CEA - Saclay, 16-17 MAY 2005 M. Ferianis

  26. Workplan for EUROFEL DS3:demonstration of the Optical Clock Electrical signal Optical in fiber Optical in air REF. osc. RF: 100MHz or m-wave: 10GHz Fiber laser Phase noise O/E Conv. Phase detect fPULSE Stabilised Fiber links: star configuration L=300m Cross- correlate Remote fs laser EUROFEL DS3-DS4 TASK meeting CEA - Saclay, 16-17 MAY 2005 M. Ferianis

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