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Over-the-Air (OTA) Bit Management David Felland Jim Kutzner

Over-the-Air (OTA) Bit Management David Felland Jim Kutzner. OTA Bit Management. New impacts on your transport stream Better coding efficiency in new HD encoders Claims of 10-15% improvement realized Potential for two 720p HD services in one transport stream – or other services

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Over-the-Air (OTA) Bit Management David Felland Jim Kutzner

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  1. Over-the-Air (OTA) Bit Management David Felland Jim Kutzner WGBH Public Television Quality Workshop

  2. OTA Bit Management New impacts on your transport stream Better coding efficiency in new HD encoders Claims of 10-15% improvement realized Potential for two 720p HD services in one transport stream – or other services More SD services from which to choose Mobile DTV Fixed and Mobile DTV Data Services WGBH Public Television Quality Workshop

  3. OTA Bit Management Options for broadcasters Reduced horizontal resolution (1440 vs 1920) Noise reduction of both HD and SD Modern statistical multiplexing 720p vs. 1080i X X ☺ ☺ WGBH Public Television Quality Workshop

  4. Sampling of Current Practice Surveyed the ETAC 1-3 OTA services Different services plans among all members Focus on HD + national/local SD services Surveyed the Washington stations Commercial stations have a much more consistent approach: HD + Weather (and perhaps one other service) WGBH Public Television Quality Workshop

  5. ETAC Members’ OTA Italics = Stat Mux Pool WGBH Public Television Quality Workshop

  6. ETAC Members’ OTA (x4) (x2) (x2) Italics = Stat Mux Pool WGBH Public Television Quality Workshop

  7. ETAC Members’ OTA Italics = Stat Mux Pool WGBH Public Television Quality Workshop

  8. ETAC Members’ OTA (x2) Italics = Stat Mux Pool WGBH Public Television Quality Workshop

  9. ETAC Members’ OTA Italics = Stat Mux Pool WGBH Public Television Quality Workshop

  10. Comparison of Video Performance Clip #1: 1080i @ 14 Mbps (MV500) Clip #2: 1080i @ 12 Mbps (MV500) Clip #3: 1080i @ 10 Mbps (MV500) Clip #4: 720p @ 12 Mbps (MV500) Clip #5: 720p @ 10 Mbps (MV500) Clip #6: 720p @ 8 Mbps (MV500) Clip #7: 720p @ 9 Mbps (Electra 8000) WGBH Public Television Quality Workshop

  11. Mobile DTV Bandwidth UsageHow much OTA spectrum do I need? Mobile / Handheld service requirements Multiple modes – e.g., “Half-rate”, “Quarter-rate”, or a variety of “Mixed Modes” Most broadcasters will use Quarter or Mixed Quarter  ~17% payload (83% FEC) Mixed (e.g., ½, ¼, ¼, ¼)  ~ 26% (74% FEC) Half  ~34% payload (66% FEC) WGBH Public Television Quality Workshop

  12. Bandwidth Usage (bits)How much OTA spectrum do I need? Mixed Mode examples (26%): One 500 kbps stream  ~1.92 Mbps Video@400kbps; Audio@64kbps; Data@30kbps Two 500 kbps streams  ~3.85 Mbps Quarter Rate examples (17%): One 500 kbps stream  ~2.94 Mbps Video@400kbps; Audio@64kbps; Data@30kbps Two 500 kbps streams  ~5.88 Mbps WGBH Public Television Quality Workshop

  13. DTV Spectrum Usage:ETAC Member #1 128 kbps • Data/Ancillary • PSIP 150 kbps ~3 Mbps • SD program 19.4 Mb/s DTV Transport Stream ~15 Mbps Stat Mux Pool • HD program WGBH Public Television Quality Workshop

  14. DTV Spectrum Usage:ETAC Member #2 1Mbps+128 kbps • Data/Ancillary • PSIP 250 kbps ~2.5 Mbps • SD program 19.4 Mb/s DTV Transport Stream ~2.5 Mbps • SD program ~12 Mbps Stat Mux Pool • HD program WGBH Public Television Quality Workshop

  15. ETAC Member #1:One Mobile Service (Mixed) ~2 Mbps • Mobile program 128 kbps • Data/Ancillary • PSIP 150 kbps ~2.5 Mbps • SD program 19.4 Mb/s DTV Transport Stream ~13.5 Mbps Stat Mux Pool • HD program WGBH Public Television Quality Workshop

  16. ETAC Member #2:One Mobile Service (Mixed) ~2 Mbps • Mobile program 1Mbps+128 kbps • Data/Ancillary • PSIP 250 kbps 19.4 Mb/s DTV Transport Stream ~2 Mbps • SD program ~2 Mbps • SD program ~11 Mbps Stat Mux Pool • HD program WGBH Public Television Quality Workshop

  17. Suggested Mobile Services Simulcast of Local HD Service Simulcast of National HD Service Independent Local Mobile Service PBS or Local Kids Service Radio Services Audio Only – 16 – 48 kbps “Audio with Pictures” – same as Video/Audio WGBH Public Television Quality Workshop

  18. DTV Spectrum Usage:ETAC Member #14 1Mbps • Data/Ancillary • PSIP 150 kbps ~3 Mbps • SD program 19.4 Mb/s DTV Transport Stream ~3 Mbps • SD program Stat Mux Pool ~10 Mbps • HD program WGBH Public Television Quality Workshop

  19. ETAC Member #14:Multiple Mobile Services (Mixed) ~2 Mbps • Mobile program ~2 Mbps • Mobile program • Radio Services (100k) 1Mbps • Data/Ancillary 19.4 Mb/s DTV Transport Stream • PSIP 250 kbps • SD program ~1.8 Mbps • SD program ~1.8 Mbps Stat Mux Pool ~9.5 Mbps • HD program WGBH Public Television Quality Workshop

  20. DC/Baltimore Stations’ OTA 1080i 720p 1080i 1080i Italics = Stat Mux Pool WGBH Public Television Quality Workshop

  21. DC/Baltimore Stations’ OTA 720p 720p 1080i 720p Italics = Stat Mux Pool WGBH Public Television Quality Workshop

  22. 16 Stations received at PBS Eng Lab Eight are 720p Five are 1920x1080i One is 1440x1080i Two are SD-only @720x480i 8 Stations are broadcasting Mobile DTV With one to five mobile services No station is changing their transport stream DC/Baltimore Stations’ OTA WGBH Public Television Quality Workshop

  23. Other Stations:Possible Mobile Services (Mixed) ~2 Mbps • Mobile program ~2 Mbps • Mobile program ~2 Mbps • Mobile program • PSIP 250 kbps 19.4 Mb/s DTV Transport Stream • Weather ~2 Mbps ~11 Mbps Stat Mux Pool • HD program WGBH Public Television Quality Workshop

  24. Other Stations:Possible Mobile Services (1/4 rate) ~3 Mbps • Mobile program ~3 Mbps • Mobile program • PSIP 250 kbps 19.4 Mb/s DTV Transport Stream • Weather ~2 Mbps ~11 Mbps Stat Mux Pool • HD program WGBH Public Television Quality Workshop

  25. Other Stations:Possible Mobile Services (Mixed) • Mobile program ~2 Mbps • Mobile program ~2 Mbps • Mobile program ~2 Mbps • Mobile program ~2 Mbps 19.4 Mb/s DTV Transport Stream • Mobile program ~2 Mbps • Mobile program ~2 Mbps • Mobile program ~2 Mbps • PSIP 100 kbps ~4.5 Mbps • SD program WGBH Public Television Quality Workshop

  26. Public television has used its spectrum to serve more diverse audiences with more variety in content (“narrowcasting”) Pluses: greater range of services; higher value to individual communities Minuses: locked into audience expectations; stations are forced to balance video quality with service quantity Observations: WGBH Public Television Quality Workshop

  27. Observations : Many stations are moving to 720p replacing spatial resolution with temporal resolution Significantly reducing their blocking artifacts Reducing horizontal resolution With an increase in demand for more services stations can improve their performance by Moving to 720p Replacing their HD encoders with the next generation WGBH Public Television Quality Workshop

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  39. Video Examples

  40. Questions?

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