A History of Blood Collecting

1. A History of Blood Collecting UBS MISSION HOW WE OPERATE PAHO PROJECT

2. Worthy Reasons For Transfusion A Composite of Medieval Ideas: 1. To correct a vicious condition of the blood. 2. To prolong the life of the Aged. 3. The cure of melancholy delirium (depression). 4. Mitigation of Arthritis. 5. The alteration of bad habits of evil disposition.

3. Earliest TransfusionsAnimal to Man 1672 Early Transfusionists used animal blood since all blood looked the same and human donors were difficult to persuade.

4. Earliest TransfusionsAnimal to Man 1672 Lamb’s blood was often chosen since the transfusionist believed that it would transfer the placid qualities to the recipients, particularly in cases of marital strife..

5. The Earliest Transfusionists Blundell also invented the Gravitator for “transmitting the blood in a regulated stream from one individual to another.” James Blundell, the great English physiologist had recommended the use of human blood early in the 19th century. This suggestion was largely ignored until the later part of the century.

6. The Earliest Transfusionists Method of Using the Gravitator Concerned with the loss of life to post-partum hemorrhage, his first four attempts failed to save women from death. However, he succeeded in five of his next six attempts. The Gravitator is anchored to a chair to give it stability.

7. The Earliest Transfusionists Drawing Capillary Blood for Transfusion The pump creates a vacuum and the spicules cause multiple bleeding points. The container that receives the blood by gravity is surrounded by a warm water jacket.

8. The Crile Cannula revitalized transfusion The donor was taken into the operating room with the patient. The patient and donors’ veins were dissected, and connected. Only the most gifted surgeons could accomplish transfusions. The donor’s artery was sacrificed in the process. There was no means or manner of determining how much blood was transfused. Patients could have died due to circulatory overload. The Earliest Transfusionists

9. Blood and WarWORLD WAR I Blood transfusion in it’s infancy Transfusions beginning to save lives Doctor’s faced with many wounded Weapons of mass destruction Doctor’s fighting shock Transfusion “On The Hoof” NO WAY OF STORING BLOOD

10. Blood and War1917 Dr. Oswald Hope Robertson Impossible to find donors in battle Invented Sodium Citrate Blood could be stored for 3 weeks Robertson’s bottle widely used Sodium Citrate still used today Robertson’s innovation fell into disuse Initially, Robertson collected blood in mason jars.

11. The Russian Answer to Blood Shortages Blood from Cadavers! Sergei Yudin fascinated with experiments on dogs March 1930 experiment Russians began bottling cadaver blood 2,000 successful transfusions in Russia Reaction in West

12. Milestones in Blood Collections Percy Lane Oliver PERCY LANE OLIVER Volunteers on-call 24 hours System worked well in peace-time NORMAN BETHUME, MD Learned you had to collect blood beforehand Acquired a portable refrigerator Norman Bethume, MD

13. Milestones in Blood Collections WWII London target of massive attacks DR. JANET VAUGHN Emergency Blood Transfusion center service set-up 4 centers in London Three days before bombing started, started bleeding donors.

14. Pearl Harbor U.S. ENTERS WWII US reaps reward of new system Mentality of donating blood was changing Hollywood recruited for blood Dodger games on radio

15. THANK YOU! Conclusion: Out of the bloodshed of War, grew a global, life-saving industry. Today, Scientific use of blood has emerged as one of the major medical advances that came out of WWII. The dividend of peace was that doctor’s who had been transfusing in battle, now had begun to work the same miracles in peacetime. Sign-up to donate blood