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Vitals

Vitals. Ray Edmondson. 6 Key Vitals . Oxygen Saturation Pulse Blood Pressure Temperature Respirations Pain Level. Oxygen Saturation. -Amount of oxygen in bloodstream -Pulse-ox machine -97%-100% for healthy adult -Not used in clinic. Pulse.

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Vitals

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  1. Vitals Ray Edmondson

  2. 6 Key Vitals • Oxygen Saturation • Pulse • Blood Pressure • Temperature • Respirations • Pain Level

  3. Oxygen Saturation -Amount of oxygen in bloodstream -Pulse-ox machine -97%-100% for healthy adult -Not used in clinic

  4. Pulse -Number of times heart beats in 1 minute (resting) -Most common: radial, carotid -In clinic: radial -Adults: 60-100 -Children and infants will be faster -Especially fit adults may be slower

  5. How to take a pulse • Palpate for pulse at chosen point (radial, carotid, etc.) until found • Count for 15, 30, or 60 seconds • Multiply by 4 for 15 seconds or 2 for 30 seconds to get beats per minute • If pulse seems irregular, or anything seems wrong, don’t hesitate to measure for a full minute

  6. Blood Pressure • Systolic/Diastolic • Systolic: Heart contracts • Normal range: 100-140 • Diastolic: Heart relaxes • Normal range: 60-90 • Lub-dub starts: Systolic • Lub-dub stops: Diastolic

  7. BP Dial

  8. How to take a blood pressure • Wrap appropriately-sized cuff so arrow is pointing to brachial artery • Place bell of stethoscope on brachial artery beneath cuff • Inflate to approx. 180 mm/hg. • Deflate slowly while listening for sounds • First lub-dub: systolic • Last lub-dub: diastolic • Give readings in even numbers

  9. BP Practice! • http://familymedicine.osu.edu/products/physicalexam/exam/flash/bloodpressure/index.html

  10. Contraindications for BP • If patient has a shunt or PICC line, DO NOT take blood pressure on that arm • If you are unsure, ask somebody who knows • Consequences can be very, very bad

  11. Temperature • Oral: Most convenient; fairly accurate • Rectal: Most accurate; least convenient • Ancillary: Under armpit; least accurate; uncooperative patients

  12. Respirations • 1 Respiration= 1 Inhale + 1 Exhale • Counted in respirations per minute • Do NOT let patients know you are counting this

  13. How to count respirations • Usually done while checking pulse • Count for 30 seconds, multiply by 2 • If breathing seems irregular, count for a full minute • Pick either inhalation or exhalation, count one for each time that event occurs • Again, do NOT let patients know you are counting

  14. Pain Level • Measured on 1-10 scale • If what patient says seems inaccurate, give an example of that pain level • If patient stays with original number, write it down • Only used when appropriate

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