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WWI & The Roaring 20s Review

WWI & The Roaring 20s Review. 1914-1920 Chapters 10-11. The Beginning. 1914 – Archduke Ferdinand assassinated (WWI begins) and Panama Canal opens Imperialism – Britain, France, Italy and Germany wanted to expand their territories

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WWI & The Roaring 20s Review

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  1. WWI & The Roaring 20s Review 1914-1920 Chapters 10-11

  2. The Beginning • 1914 – Archduke Ferdinand assassinated (WWI begins) and Panama Canal opens • Imperialism – Britain, France, Italy and Germany wanted to expand their territories • Nationalism – Europeans were very proud, loyal, and protective of their own countries and wanted to prove they were the best

  3. The Beginning • Militarism – belief that a country needs a strong military, major powers built up their armies and navies • Alliances – relying on others to come to your aid in a time of need, most countries in Europe had alliances so any small incident could start a large-scale war • Two groups of alliances formed: • Central Powers – Austria-Hungary, Germany, Ottoman Empire, and Bulgaria • Allied Powers (Allies) – Serbia, Russia, France, Great Britain, Italy, and others

  4. Trench Warfare • Trench warfare – tunnels dug to protect soldiers during battle, often rat infested • Trench warfare helped to protect the soldiers by keeping them partially covered but also made the fighting last longer

  5. New Technology • Tanks • Machine guns • Poison gases • U-boats (submarines)

  6. Lusitania • 1915 – Lusitania sunk by German U-boat • Germany had warned Americans not to travel on the ocean – U-boat attacks

  7. Declaring War • 1916 – Wilson reelected • 1917 – Wilson asks Congress to declare war on Germany • President Woodrow Wilson announced neutrality • Germany sent a coded telegram to Mexico • Russians had withdrawn from the Allied Powers and the Germans (Central Powers) were winning • In 1918, over one million U.S. troops went to help the French • By November 1918, Germans stopped fighting, the Kaiser stepped down, and they signed an armistice (11a.m., 11/11)

  8. Home Front • Life at home changed when men left jobs to fight in Europe • Women began working in factories and railroad freight yards, they also grew “victory gardens” which allowed more food to be sent to the soldiers • School children gathered materials that were used to make war goods and rolled bandages for injured soldiers

  9. End of War • 1919 – Treaty of Versailles is signed • The Treaty of Versailles formally ended the war and placed all of the blame on Germany, it also required them to pay reparations – money to repay the winners

  10. Roaring 20s Timeline • U.S. Dates - • 1924-Nellie Taylor Ross is first woman elected governor. • 1927-First movie with sound-The Jazz Singer • World Dates- • 1922-Benito Mussolini is named Italy’s prime minister. • 1923- Adolf Hitler tries, but fails, to gain power in Germany. • 1929-National Revolutionary Party organized in Mexico.

  11. Return to Normalcy • Warren G. Harding-elected President-1920 • Harding promised Americans “prosperity at home and peace abroad” and “less government in business and more business in government”.

  12. Teapot Dome Scandal • Secretary of the Interior, Albert Fall, took bribes and made illegal deals with oil executives to drill on oil-rich government land in Teapot Dome, Wyoming.

  13. Coolidge • 1923 - Harding dies and Calvin Coolidge takes over. • Coolidge did not believe gov’t should get involved with social and economic problems and many things failed.

  14. Technology and $$$ • Henry Ford invents the Model T • “The Boom” • Once costly items were now available to most people. • People began to use credit or paid for these items using installment buying-allowing them to buy items by making small monthly payments. • Other new items were: electric vacuum cleaners, washers, sewing machines, toasters, and fans.

  15. Youth in the Roaring 20s • Many experimented with new fashions, attitudes, and ways of behavior. • Stayed in school longer. • Men wore floppy pants and slicked their hair back. • Women wore their hair shorter (a “bob”) and wore shorter dresses. • “The Charleston” was a favorite dance.

  16. Prohibition • On Jan. 16, 1920, the 18th Amendment made the sale, making, and possession of alcohol illegal. • The amendment was called Prohibition. • Speakeasies - illegal nightclubs that served alcohol came out after saloons were closed. • One result of Prohibition was the rise of organized crime.

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