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X-Ray Imaging (0.1 arcsec at 6.7 keV) and HXR Polarimetry (10 – 50 keV). Brian Dennis NASA/GSFC. Focusing X-rays. Zone Plate Phase Zone Plate Phase Fresnel Lens e < 10.1% e < 40.4% e< 100%. G.K.Skinner. Phase Fresnel Lens.
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X-Ray Imaging (0.1 arcsec at 6.7 keV)andHXR Polarimetry(10 – 50 keV) Brian Dennis NASA/GSFC
Focusing X-rays Zone Plate Phase Zone Plate Phase Fresnel Lens e < 10.1% e < 40.4% e<100% G.K.Skinner
Phase Fresnel Lens Focal length is a function of photon energy
1 2 4 6 8 GOES M2.8 Flare DEM = 0.36 1049 (T/2keV)-0.72 cm-3 keV-1 Fe abundance = 2.0 x photospheric Ca – 4.7 x photospheric S – 0.4 x coronal Si – 0.2 x coronal
Fresnel lens(es) or PZPs eg 1-2 cm dia Fresnel lens or PZPs eg 1-2 cm dia CCD array(s) eg 100 mm CCD array eg 100 mm • Phase Fresnel Lens – a possible design concept 50-100 m boom or formation flying Angular resolution ~ 0.1 arc sec Field of view ~ few arc mins Effective area ~ 1 cm2 (in a line)
Hard X-ray Imaging Polarimetry • Energy range ~2 – ~50 keV • Complements Compton scattering polarimetry >50 keV • Photoelectron track imaging • Time Projection Chamber (TPC) • Goddard development • Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) with strip readout • 70%/30% mixture of argon and dimethyl ether (DME) • 2-D positional information – strip number & time • Modulation collimators for Fourier-transform imaging • Leverage off GEMS SMEX for astrophysics • Italians developing direct 2-D capability • Focusing optics for direct imaging polarimetry
Effective Area vs. Energy Time Projection Chamber