The Holy Eucharist: Body, Blood, Soul, and Divinity of Our Lord Jesus Christ!

1. Today's Topic:Class 19 THE HOLY EUCHARIST: BODY BLOOD SOUL AND DIVINITY OF OUR LORD JESUS CHRIST! “Do this in remembrance of ME”

2. Sunday Gospel - Matthew 5:17-37 • Jesus said to his disciples: “Do not think that I have come to abolish the law or the prophets. I have come not to abolish but to fulfill. Amen, I say to you, until heaven and earth pass away, not the smallest letter or the smallest part of a letter will pass from the law, until all things have taken place. Therefore, whoever breaks one of the least of these commandments and teaches others to do so will be called least in the kingdom of heaven. But whoever obeys and teaches these commandments will be called greatest in the kingdom of heaven. I tell you, unless your righteousness surpasses that of the scribes and Pharisees, you will not enter the kingdom of heaven. • “You have heard that it was said to your ancestors, You shall not kill; and whoever kills will be liable to judgment. But I say to you, whoever is angry with brother will be liable to judgment; and whoever says to brother, ‘Raqa,’ will be answerable to the Sanhedrin; and whoever says, ‘You fool,’ will be liable to fiery Gehenna. Therefore, if you bring your gift to the altar, and there recall that your brother has anything against you, leave your gift there at the altar, go first and be reconciled with your brother, and then come and offer your gift. Settle with your opponent quickly while on the way to court. Otherwise your opponent will hand you over to the judge, and the judge will hand you over to the guard, and you will be thrown into prison. Amen, I say to you, you will not be released until you have paid the last penny.

3. Gospel cont. • “You have heard that it was said, You shall not commit adultery. But I say to you, everyone who looks at a woman with lust has already committed adultery with her in his heart. If your right eye causes you to sin, tear it out and throw it away. It is better for you to lose one of your members than to have your whole body thrown into Gehenna. And if your right hand causes you to sin, cut it off and throw it away. It is better for you to lose one of your members than to have your whole body go into Gehenna. • “It was also said, Whoever divorces his wife must give her a bill of divorce. But I say to you, whoever divorces his wife - unless the marriage is unlawful - causes her to commit adultery, and whoever marries a divorced woman commits adultery. • “Again you have heard that it was said to your ancestors, Do not take a false oath, but make good to the Lord all that you vow. But I say to you, do not swear at all; not by heaven, for it is God’s throne; nor by the earth, for it is his footstool; nor by Jerusalem, for it is the city of the great King. Do not swear by your head, for you cannot make a single hair white or black. Let your ‘Yes’ mean ‘Yes,' and your ‘No’ mean ‘No.’ Anything more is from the evil one.”

4. House keeping • March 9th – Rite of Conversion and Rite of election – 9:30 AM be here in the church basement that day with your sponsor for walk through • 1st Sunday of Lent – you and your sponsor will attend 10:30 AM Mass • Pick a saints name for Confirmation – develop a relationship http://www.catholic.org/saints/stindex.php • Power points of previous classes – www.mybrotherjesus.com • Handouts on the front table of previous classes • Confession and Reconciliation and retreat – Easter Vigil morning • Easter Vigil Question – have you embraced and accepted all of the teachings of the church? Can you answer yes, or are there doubts. Let’s talk about them! • 1st Confession booklet will be given to you by Fr. Pfeifer when he returns from the Holy Land • Stations of the Cross will take place during Lent on Friday’s at 11:30 and 7 PM • Rosary by Scott for all who are interested in praying with him at 11 AM • March 1st Class will be in the school cafeteria

5. House keeping cont. • Between now and March 9th, we ask you to please set up your second 20 minute interview with Fr. Braun or Fr. King or myself by calling the rectory at 701-772-2624 or stopping me after class to schedule. • Feb. 14-25 – I will be in the Holy Land with 39 pilgrims from the parish, walking in the footsteps of Jesus.

6. More house keeping • Dates to block out for you and your sponsor • March 9th – Rite of Election/ Call to Continued Conversion. Mass will be here at St. Michael’s at 10:30 AM and is required for you and your sponsor. After Mass, that day, Fr. Braun will meet you at the Cathedral in Fargo to present you to our bishop, Bishop Folda. • We will put together a carpool! We will be back in Grand Forks by 6 PM that evening • April 19th – Easter Vigil morning retreat from 9 AM – noon. • First Confessions, penance service, talk and rehearsal – required for you and your sponsor • Easter Vigil Mass – at 8:30 PM – this is where you will receive the sacraments you have not yet received. Baptism/Confirmation/ First Communion

7. Prayer • Remember, O most gracious Virgin Mary, that never was it known that anyone who fled to your protection, implored your help, or sought your intercession was left unaided. Inspired by this confidence, I fly unto you, O Virgin of virgins, my mother; to you do I come, before you I stand, sinful and sorrowful. O Mother of the Word Incarnate, despise not my petitions, but in your mercy hear and answer me. • Amen.

8. Today’s discussion… • Today’s topic - the most important topic of the year. • The Holy Eucharist • The Body and Blood of Christ are what we receive every Sunday at Mass. • The Eucharist is one of the seven sacraments that Christ established during His time on Earth, two thousand years ago. • WHAT ARE THE OTHER SIX SACRAMENTS?

9. The 7 Sacraments…. • Baptism • Confirmation • Holy Eucharist • Reconciliation • Holy Matrimony • Holy Orders • Anointing of the Sick

10. As a review…. • What is a sacrament? • A sacrament has three parts: • An outward sign – something seen • Instituted or given to us by Christ – SS based • That gives grace – the life of God to our souls

11. Every sacrament has a SIGN… • Every sacrament has a sign, something that is seen. • A sign is something that leads to something else. • A sign may be random or predictable with what is signified by the people • Flag symbolizes a nation • Or it may lead to the knowledge of something without itself being first known • Our ideas lead to knowledge or real objects. • Bottom line – the whole liturgy is built on the function of word, action, and signs as symbols of the sacred.

12. What are these signs in the sacraments? • Baptism – Pouring of water or immersion into water • Confirmation – The anointing of the forehead with chrism oil • Holy Eucharist – Body and Blood of Christ • Reconciliation – The confession of the penitent: the acknowledgement of and sorrow for one’s sinfulness, and the intention of avoiding sin in the future. Willingness to do the penance imposed by the priest • Holy Matrimony – The mutual exchange of vows between man and woman, given with full consent and freedom; rings • Holy Orders – The bishop imposing his hands over the candidate • Anointing of the Sick – The anointing of the forehead and hand of the sick with the oil of the infirm

13. Every sacrament is INSTITUTED by Christ… • If we look at the word institution… • It simply means that is was established by Christ during his visible stay on earth. • So where in Sacred Scripture do we find these seven sacraments? • Let’s take us a look and explore this together….

14. Sacraments – established by Christ • Baptism – Matthew 28:18 -20 • Go therefore … baptizing them in the name of the Father..” • Confirmation – Acts 2:3-4, 8:12-18, 19:1-6 • Holy Eucharist – Luke 22:19, John 6:25-71, Matthew chapter 26, Mark chapter 14 • “this is my body given up for you do this in memory of me • Reconciliation – John 20:22-23 • Receive the HS…sins you forgive are forgiven them… whose sins you retain are retained” • Holy Matrimony – Ephesians 5:25, Mt 19: 3-9 • leave his father and mother… the two shall become one flesh • love your wives, even as Christ loved the Church • Holy Orders – 2 Tim 1:6 – 2:2, Romans 15:15-16 • because of the grace given me by God to be a minister of Christ Jesus to the Gentiles in the priestly service of the gospel of God, so that the offering of the Gentiles may be acceptable, sanctified by the Holy Spirit • Anointing of the Sick – James 5:13-16; Mark 6:7-13 • anoint the sick with oil, sins are forgiven

15. Every Sacrament CONFERS SUPERNATURAL GRACE • Grace is a freely given gift from God to man, and to which man has absolutely no claim. • This gift is given to man who are rational creatures for their eternal salvation, to be in heaven with Him for all eternity. • These gifts received – surpass being, power, and claims of created nature. • No creature has a right to this gift, IT IS FREELY GIVEN AS A GIFT BY GOD • Gas tank on a car, what about the life giving aspect of the body, the soul?

16. What are the graces received in every sacrament? • Baptism – • Cleansing of original and all personal sin and all temporal punishment due to sin; • Gifts of the Holy Spirit are infused into the soul; • Incorporation into the Body of Christ, the Church; • Makes us children and followers of Christ; • Makes us heirs to eternal life; • Makes present the Indwelling of the Holy Trinity into our souls. • Confirmation • As mature Christians, we claim to be soldiers for Christ • Grace is given to strengthen us to participate in His Saving Mission

17. What are the graces we receive in the sacraments? • Holy Eucharist • Deeper communion and love with the Trinity (and therefore with all the members of the Church) • Reconciliation • Forgiveness of Sin (i.e. Reconciliation with Church and God, restoration or increase of Sanctifying Grace) and commitment to life of atonement to turn to God and away from the sin. • Holy Matrimony • Marital Charity which unites man and woman with the same bond that unites Christ and the Church. The grace is the nuptual union, the mutual giving of grace in the union of marriage, so the marriage itself becomes a source of grace.

18. What are the graces that we receive in the sacraments? • Holy Orders • Ontological participation in the headship of Christ (Bishop in first rank, Priest at 2nd rank, Deacon as servant) • The Priest participates in Christ’s mission to teach, sanctify, and shepherd the people of God in the person of Jesus Christ. The Priest shares in the apostolic ministry as a “co-worker of the Order of Bishops”. Pastoral Charity • Anointing of the Sick • Inner strengthening of the person in sickness. • Removal of “remnants of sin” • If the person made an imperfect act of contrition before becoming ill and is not able to receive absolution, then his sins are forgiven as well by the anointing

19. Sacrament = Form + Matter • Form • In regards to the sacraments, the form is the sacramental sign or the words that specify the function of the matter and confer on it the power of sanctifying. • I baptize you in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit. • Be sealed with the gift of the Holy Spirit • Matter • Material elements that are necessary for the reception of the sacrament. They receive their significance from the ritual words that are used. • Water in baptism, chrism oil in confirmation, bread and wine in the Holy Eucharist.

20. In review… • There are seven sacraments in the Catholic Church. • All seven sacraments are the channels of God’s graces to the world. • Christ established all seven sacraments. • The definition of a sacrament is “a visible sign, instituted by Christ, to give grace.” • Three components worth remembering!

21. Visible sign, instituted by Christ, to give grace! • 1. It’s visible; for example, the pouring of water at Baptism, or changing the bread and wine which becomes the Body and Blood of Christ, or anointing somebody with the oil. • 2. It’s something visible – a visible sign. And remember, that it was instituted by Christ. • The Church did not make up these seven sacraments; these were established by Christ 2,000 years ago. • 3. Sacraments give grace. • Grace is “God’s power, God’s life, and God’s love.” So we have seven sacraments, or seven channels, of graces in the world today that the Lord has left us 2,000 years ago

22. Review of last week… • The first of all the sacraments that we receive is Baptism. • Baptism is the sacrament that makes us “Children of God.” • Baptism washes away Original Sin. • If we get baptized as adults, it washes all sins ever committed in your entire life. • Baptism cleanses us; it gives us the new life of God’s grace within our soul, making us Children of God. • Baptism makes present the living of the Blessed Trinity within us. - an indwelling

23. Penance, the second sacrament received! • The second sacrament we receive is Penance, or Confession. • Penance takes away any sins we have committed since the time of our Baptism. • Penance restores the graces that were lost when we freely choose to sin under three conditions • We confess the sin • We are truly sorry • We choose to do the penance that is asked of us!

24. Next Sacrament – Holy Eucharist • Why is the Holy Eucharist so important? • The Holy Eucharist is very important, because all the other sacraments lead us to Christ, • but the Eucharist is Christ; that’s an important distinction. • The Eucharist is Jesus, we will never be closer to Him on this side of eternity than after we receive Him in the Eucharist!

25. Titles for the Eucharist… • There are many different titles for the Eucharist. • In fact, the word “Eucharist” comes from a Greek word which means “thanksgiving.” • Eucharist = Thanksgiving • In Scripture, it says, “Jesus took the bread, gave thanks, and gave it to the disciples and said, ‘This is My Body.’” • So, the word that the Church decided to use for “The Body of Christ” is “Eucharista” in Greek, or “Eucharist”, the “giving thanks,” where Jesus offers thanks to the Heavenly Father.

26. Another title • There are many other titles of the Blessed Sacrament. • We just mentioned “the Body of Christ”, • the “Blessed Sacrament,” • sometimes called the “Most Blessed Sacrament.” • Out of all the sacraments, this is the most sacred, the most blessed. • In another way, we refer to the Eucharist as “Holy Communion.” • We refer to a child making his or her “First Holy Communion.” • “Communion” means “union with.” • “Comm,” the Latin word meaning “with,” • “union”; “union with.” • This is when we get to receive Christ, to become one with Christ in Holy Communion

27. One with = Intimacy • What is intimacy? • Between God and His People – • Israel “His Chosen” • A special connection • Christ and His church • Between husband and wife (wedding night) • Conjugal love – a sign and pledge of communion • Union of heart, mind, and body – one with • Nothing is hidden because love is freely given and freely received • Marriage prep example at CMS - bathroom

28. Another title “Viaticum” • When somebody is dying, we give them Viaticum. • Viaticum means “the food for the journey.” • “Via,” like the “Via Dolorosa,” is “the road,” or “the way.” • Viaticum means “to take with you on the journey.” • So, we refer to Viaticum as “Last Rites.” • When somebody receives the Lord for the last time, they receive Viaticum; • the Lord goes with you to eternal life. • You receive that at your last Communion

29. Still other titles… • Other titles for the Eucharist are: • “The Bread of Heaven” • “The Heavenly Bread” • “The Bread of Angels

30. The Sacred Host • Sometimes, we refer to the Lord in Communion, we refer to the Host as “The Sacred Host.” • The word “host” comes from the Latin word “hostia” which means “the victim,” because Christ is both priest and victim. • Christ offers Himself, but He’s also the One who was offered. • Jesus offered Himself to the Father; so Christ is both priest and victim. • When the priest at Mass holds up the Host, that is Christ. He offers Himself to the Father

31. Eucharist is Most Blessed of all sacraments! • The Eucharist was foreshadowed in the Old Testament. • 1. The first one is the manna in the desert. • That was the special bread that God fed the People with. It says, “The Israelites went out, and they collected this manna, and God gave them enough to last for 40 years in the desert.” • The word “manna” comes from a Hebrew word which means “what is it”, because they didn’t know what it was; so they called it “what is it” bread. That’s what manna is. • God fed his People as they journeyed through the desert to get to the Promised Land. The manna foreshadows a greater reality, which is the Eucharist, because the Lord in Communion is “Our Daily Bread,” that helps us get to the promised land of Heaven. • Right now we’re going through the “Valley of Tears”; we’re going through the desert. But, we’re looking forward to being with Christ one day in Heaven.

32. Any “Lord of the Rings” fans? • If you’ve ever seen the movies or read the books, you will notice that the elves gave the hobbits the “lembas” bread, or the “waybread.” • This nourished them as they went on their pilgrimage to destroy the ring. • Tolkien, being a very devout Catholic, threw a lot of Catholic ideas into his writing. • One idea was that this bread nourished the hobbits; it gave them strength and courage to fulfill their job. This is what the Eucharist does for us. It’s our daily sustenance to help get us to Heaven

33. Eucharist foreshadowed in the OT • 2. The Eucharist is foreshadowed in the Ark of the Covenant. • What was in the Ark? • The Ark, within itself, contained the Ten Commandments, a piece of Aaron’s rod, as well as a jar of manna. • The Israelites saved some of the manna, and placed it in the Ark of the Covenant. We know that the Blessed Mother is the New Ark of the Covenant, because she contained, within her, Jesus Christ, the Son of God.

34. Every tabernacle today is the Ark of the Covenant • Every Catholic Church in every country and region of the world has a tabernaclewhichis also an Ark of the Covenant. • A tabernacle is where we keep the Blessed Sacrament. • It’s a gold container or receptacle, or a gold box. • The Lord is placed in there in Holy Communion. • Our modern day tabernacles are really the New Arks of the Covenant – they contain Christ

35. Eucharist foreshadowed in the OT • Another important Old Testament image also is The Lamb of God, or The Paschal Lamb. • The word “paschal” means “the Passover lamb.” • The Paschal Lamb is very important in the history of Judaism. • The Paschal Lamb was sacrificed. The blood of the lamb was sprinkled on the doorposts, and the Angel of Death “passed over.” • That’s where we get the word “Passover.” • The Angel passed over any house that had the lamb’s blood on the doorpost. That prefigured or foreshadowed Jesus Christ, the Lamb of God, who takes away our sins. • Jesus covers us with His Blood, when He died on the Cross, and that merited our salvation. Jesus paid the price for our sins by dying on the Cross.

36. More on the paschal lamb… • The Old Testament Paschal Lamb – Exodus 12 • had to be a male lamb. • It had to be one year of age, • It was to be unblemished; it had to be perfect • it could have no defects. • That foreshadowed Christ, the spotless, pure Lamb of God that was sacrificed for us. – 1 Corinthians 5:7 – Christ the Messiah was sacrificed for us. • Even John the Baptist pointed out and said, when he saw Christ, “There is the Lamb of God, who takes away the sins of the world.”

37. The Lamb of God at Mass • At the Mass, after the Consecration, which is the moment when the bread and wine becomes the Body and Blood of Christ, • The priest holds up the Eucharist and says, “Behold the Lamb of God, Behold Him who takes away the sins of the world.” • We see that Christ is that Lamb, foreshadowed by the Passover Lamb, the Paschal Lamb.

38. Sacrificial lamb • In the Old Testament, as you remember, God told the Israelites that if they sacrificed a lamb, their firstborn son would not be killed. • The lamb died in place of the firstborn son. • This is a powerful image! • Why? It shows how Jesus died in our place. He took our place on the Cross. He said, “I will die, so that you can live forever.”

39. Take the time to look this one up Psalm 110 - Melchizedek • Who is Melchizedek? • He was, in the Old Testament, the only one who was both a priest and a king. • Sometimes in the Old Testament, you had someone like King David, who was a king, but he wasn’t a priest. • Or, you have Old Testament priests, but they weren’t kings. • Melchizedek is the only one who was both a priest and a king. • Melchizedek offered gifts of bread and wine. That was unique, because everybody else was offering sacrifices of lambs, and bullocks, and bloody sacrifices. • They offered animal sacrifices. • The priests in the Old Testament were the ones who slaughtered the animals for the sacrifice in the Temple. • They felt that was pleasing to God. They would sacrifice their best oxen, their best goat, or their best lamb. • There was one man who offered an un-bloodied sacrifice. He offered, instead of a goat or a lamb, he offered bread and wine. • This foreshadowed Christ, who would be both God and man. He would be both a priest and a king. • He would offer bread and wine at the Last Supper. Christ, at the Last Supper, offered an un-bloodied sacrifice. He offered bread and wine at the Last Supper.

40. Malachi 1:11 • Malachi predicts, “That from the rising of the sun to the setting, a perfect sacrifice will be made.” • This is the Sacrifice of the Mass. • There are Masses going on everyday. • At every moment, there are Masses being said from the rising of the sun to the setting somewhere in the world. • Right now in Asia it is day time, and every Catholic Church offers a sacrifice at every hour of the day.

41. How do we know that Christ is present in the Eucharist? • First of all, we go to Christ, and we have to remember that Christ is both God and man. • Christ is the second Person of the Blessed Trinity, who became man – so Christ is God and man. • As God, He can do all things. Jesus walked on water. He raised people from the dead. He cleansed lepers and gave sight to the blind. He gave hearing to the deaf.

42. How do we know Christ is in the Eucharist? • Christ claimed that He was God. • He said, “The Father and I are One.” • “He who has seen Me has seen the Father. • “Before Abraham was, I AM.” • Even Thomas the Apostle said, “My Lord and my God.” • Why is this important? • It is important, because unless you believe that Christ is God, you won’t believe in the Eucharist. • We’re going to go through this logically, why we believe that Christ is present in the Eucharist. • First of all, Jesus Christ is God and man. When Jesus worked miracles, they occurred. When He walked on the water, He truly worked these great miracles. As God, He created the world out of nothing. If that’s the case, He can certainly change bread and wine into His Body and Blood.

43. Why else? He had power over nature! • In the Scriptures, we see miracles that the Lord worked, to prepare the minds and hearts of the Apostles for the gift of the Eucharist. • The first one we will mention is the Wedding Feast of Cana. That’s in John, Chapter 2. • It says, “They ran out of wine at the wedding feast.” What did they do? The Blessed Mother noticed first, and went to Jesus and said, “They have no more wine.” Jesus said, “My hour has not yet come.” The Blessed Mother said to the servants, “Go to Jesus and do whatever He tells you.” Jesus said, “If my mom asks me, I will do it.” He worked His first miracle, changing water into wine.

44. Wedding feast at Cana • The wedding feast at Cana was a huge moment, the amount of water changed into wine was about 120 to 180 gallons. • He was a great person to invite to a wedding banquet! • Jesus showed in that miracle, He had power over water, because He changed it into wine. • Critical moment! • I’m going to logically show you how the Eucharist is reasonable. • In the Eucharist we believe Jesus changed bread and wine into His Body and Blood. He shows at Cana that He can change water into wine.

45. Another miracle over nature! • Another example of the miracles that Jesus did was the multiplication of the loaves and fish. • Are all of you are all familiar with this, the loaves and fish? • This is where Jesus could take five loaves and two fish, and He could feed 5,000 people. • Therefore, Jesus showed he had power over bread, because He could feed 5,000 people with just a few loaves.

46. Jesus walks on water – shows his power over nature and His body! • In another miracle, Jesus walked on the water. The fact that Jesus walked on the water shows He has power over His body, and that He’s not limited in the way that we are, with our bodies. • We also know that Jesus rose from the dead. That’s a very important point to remember too. Since Christ rose from the dead, He again had power over His body

47. What about the Eucharist? • Therefore, in the Eucharist, • Jesus has already shown us that • He can change water into wine; • He could multiply bread; • He had power over wine; • He had power over bread; • He had power over His body. • It makes sense that Jesus could change bread and wine into His Body and Blood.

48. Jesus’ words are REAL! • It’s also important to remember that when the Lord spoke, His words became reality. • If Jesus was in the midst of a storm, he called out, “Be still,” and the storm quieted. • When Lazarus had been dead for four days, Jesus said, “Lazarus, arise!” • And Lazarus came back from the dead, even though he was dead for four days. • In fact, his sister Martha said, “By now Lord, he stinks,” because they felt that he was already decomposing. • Jesus raised him from the dead. At the words of Christ, Lazarus arose. • When He saw a crippled person, He could say “Walk,” and the person could walk. • When he cursed the fig tree, it would erupt.

49. What about Jesus’ Words at the Last Supper? • Therefore, at the Last Supper, when Jesus said the words, “This is My Body,” notice that He doesn’t say, “This represents,” or, “This symbolizes,” • He says, “This is My Body.” It became His Body. • Remember, when the Lord speaks, people listen; • When Jesus speaks, the material world listens. • So, when He said, “This is My Body. This is the cup of My Blood,” it became His Body and Blood

50. Do this in Memory of me • Then, He gave this power to the Apostles when He said, “Do this in remembrance of me.” • He gave them the authority and power to change bread and wine into His Body and His Blood. • This is when the priests were ordained, at the Last Supper. • This is referenced in 2 Tim 1:6 – 2:2, Romans 15:15-16 as to how it was lived in the early church.