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Biochemistry Essentials: Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Enzymes

Explore the fundamental concepts of biochemistry, focusing on biomolecules such as carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and enzymes. Understand the chemical reactions within living organisms and the importance of these vital compounds.

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Biochemistry Essentials: Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Enzymes

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  1. Lab 1: Introduction to biochemistry

  2. Chemistry is the study of matter and energy and the interactions between them. Chemistry tends to focus on the properties of substances and the interactions between different types of matter, particularly reactions that involve electrons.

  3. Biochemistry: • Biochemistry is the branch of chemistry concerned with the chemical reactions that occur inside living organisms. • This practical module considers identification and determination of biomolecules (carbohydrates, Lipids and proteins).

  4. 1- Carbohydrates Carbohydrates may be defined as polyhydroxy aldehydes or polyhydroxy ketones or compounds which produce them on hydrolysis.

  5. 2- Lipids:- Lipids are a group of diverse fatty or oily organic compounds that are grouped together because they are generally insoluble in water and are soluble in non-polar organic solvents (diethyl ether, acetone, hexane and carbon tetrachloride).

  6. 3- Proteins and Amino Acids:- Proteins are high molecular weight polymers composed of one or more long chains of amino acids, and are an essential part of all living organisms, especially as structural components of body tissues such as muscle, hair, etc., and as enzymes and antibodies.

  7. 4- Enzymes:- The enzymes, hormones and antibodies are made up of proteins, which catalyze and regulate the physiological activities of plant and human being.

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