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THE OTTAWA MICRO-ENVIRONMENT DATABASE FOR MOTOR VEHICLE RELATED AIR POLLUTANTS

THE OTTAWA MICRO-ENVIRONMENT DATABASE FOR MOTOR VEHICLE RELATED AIR POLLUTANTS. Deniz Karman Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Carleton University For presentation at Environmental Health Center Environmental & Occupational Toxicology (EOT) Seminar Series

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THE OTTAWA MICRO-ENVIRONMENT DATABASE FOR MOTOR VEHICLE RELATED AIR POLLUTANTS

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  1. THE OTTAWA MICRO-ENVIRONMENT DATABASE FOR MOTOR VEHICLE RELATED AIR POLLUTANTS Deniz Karman Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Carleton University For presentation at Environmental Health Center Environmental & Occupational Toxicology (EOT) Seminar Series Health Canada, Ottawa 3 October 2001

  2. Outline • Experimental work in Ottawa, 1994 and 2000 • The microenvironment database http://www.carleton.ca/~dkarman/OMDB.htm • Selected results

  3. 1994 Lisa Graham Moin El Herraoui Dale Braun Lo Cheng Kinny Wong Arlene Whitmore Greg Rideout Fred Hendren Health Canada Air and Waste Issues Section Environment Canada MSED, Environmetal Technology Centre 2000 Lisa Graham Danny Wang Lianne Noseworthy Oznur Oguz Gultekin Akay Sandra Bayne Norm Meyer Mod Keetile Health Canada, TSRI Environment Canada ERMD Environmetal Technology Centre TUBITAK & METU Acknowledgements

  4. Objectives • To establish a database of motor vehicle related toxic substance concentrations and PM2.5 mass concentrations at nose-level along a busy downtown street in the two extremes of weather (Summer and Winter) in a typical Canadian city. • To compare and correlate the short term (2 hour periods of peak traffic volume) ambient concentrations at nose-level with the regional air quality monitoring data of longer duration (24 hours) measured at other urban sites and in-vehicle concentrations on typical commuting trips. • To determine the contribution of motor vehicle traffic to the measured toxic substance concentrations and fine particulate matter by comparisons with motor vehicle emission data.

  5. Summary of experimental work 1994 Summer Roadside, 2 stations • 2 hour sampling periods (7:30-9:30, 11:30-13:30,15:30-17:30) • 6 L SUMMA canisters for VOCS (2 stations) • 2,4 DNPH cartridges for carbonyl compounds (2 stations) • TSP mass, SOF, and trace metals (3 stations) • PAH on TSP and PUF cartridges (stations) 2000 Winter and Summer Roadside • 2, 6, 24 hour roadside sampling periods • 6 L SUMMA canisters for VOCs, Tenax cartridges for SVOCs • 2,4 DNPH cartridges for carbonyl compounds • PM2.5 mass, EC/OC, and trace metals Rooftop (limited) • VOC and SVOC Passenger car and transit bus (a.m and p.m. commuting trips) • 1 L SUMMA canisters, DNPH cartridges

  6. 1994 Slater-1 and Slater-2 stations

  7. 1994 Slater-2 (background) station

  8. 1994 Nose-level sampling stations constructed at ETC for roadside measurement of VOC, TSP, and carbonyl compounds

  9. Winter 2000, Slater Street Roadside station

  10. Winter 2000 Nose-level sampling station constructed at ETC for roadside measurement of VOC, SVOC, PM2.5, and carbonyl compounds

  11. Oznur Oguz taking roadside measurements in January 2000, Slater Street, Ottawa. • Windchill: - 51 C ( - 60 F)

  12. Evacuated 1 L Summa canister with flow controller and pressure gauge • 1 L/min personal sampling pump and DNPH cartridge • Used in car and bus

  13. OMDBOTTAWA MICRO-ENVIRONMENT DATABASEFOR MOTOR VEHICLE RELATED AIR POLLUTANTS • Data in Excel files: • Gas phase (VOC, SVOC, carbonyl compounds) • Particulate matter(TSP, PM2.5 mass concentrations, chemical analysis) • Weather and traffic Identified by: • Year, season, date, sampling station, sampling time • Exploratory analysis (S-PLUS and Powerpoint files) • Descriptive access through html and graphic files

  14. Chemical Mass Balance Receptor Modelling Source 1xi1 i=1,n 3 Receptoryi i=1,n 1 Source 3xi3 i=1,n 2 Source 2xi2 i=1,n

  15. Source Profiles

  16. Modelled Species Profile 3m-pentane *m-cyclopentane*benzene *cyclohexane *iso-octanen-heptane *toluene *n-octane *e-benzenem&p-xylenen-nonane1,2,4-tm-benzene ethylene *acetylene +ethane *propane *isobutane *isobutylenen-butane *2m-butane *n-pentane *2,3-dm-butane *2m-pentane * * Fitting species

  17. Winter 2000, PM2.5 concentrations

  18. PM2.5 and TSP concentrations

  19. 2000 PM2.5 Elemental/Organic carbon

  20. In-vehicle sampling program for VOC and carbonyl compounds • 15 Winter days (January-February 2000) • 15 Summer days (July-August 2000) • 2 sampling periods, 8-9 A.M. and 4-5 P.M. • Routes and vehicles: • Bus: 30-45 min route along main “downtown” streets, different bus for different sessions • Car: 30-45 commute along an arterial route that combines rural and urban settings. ~ 10 year old vehicles Nissan (Winter) and Aries (Summer)

  21. Comparison of median concentrations in different microenvironments

  22. ConclusionTHE OTTAWA MICRO-ENVIRONMENT DATABASE FOR MOTOR VEHICLE RELATED AIR POLLUTANTS • Available: A database of motor vehicle related toxic substance concentrations and PM2.5 mass concentrations at nose-level along a busy downtown street and in commuter vehicles in the two extremes of weather (Summer and Winter) in a typical Canadian city. • http://www.carleton.ca/~dkarman/OMDB.htm • Comments, criticism, collaboration welcome at: • Deniz_Karman@Carleton.ca

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