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Central question :

O. T. E. Submarine volcanic heat flux and hydrography: perspectives from Northeast Pacific observations, theory, and experiments Proposed dissertation for Scott Veirs in the UW School of Oceanography. Approach :. Central question :

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Central question :

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  1. O T E Submarine volcanic heat flux and hydrography: perspectives from Northeast Pacific observations, theory, and experiments Proposed dissertation for Scott Veirs in the UW School of Oceanography Approach: Central question: How do plumes and currents interact above the Main Endeavour vent field to affect the measurement of hydrothermal heat flux?

  2. LOW BUOYANCY FLUX FIELDS: C = Cirque D = Dune CB = Clam Bed Q = Quebec HIGH BUOYANCY FLUX FIELDS: SDF = Salty Dawg HRF = High Rise MEF = Main Endeavour MF = Mothra New or suspected fields Bathymetric contour interval: 100m

  3. 1995 100m CTD vents 1 km current 2000

  4. 250 200 150 100 50 2168 Upper control volume CTD “VOC” 1800 CTD “curtain” ~350 1850 1900 CTD “ribbon” 2000 2070 ~500m N&S Ridge crest 2100 ABE survey 800m long MEF Sea floor 2210 400m wide m above MEF sea floor Depth Lower control volume

  5. ~200m NE of MEF, 1995 ~1km S of MEF, 2000 depth/mab 2175/25 1900/300 2168/15 1968/215 Mean [cm/s] 1 to N 5 to SW 1 to N 5 to SSW Max [cm/s] 5 67 9 13

  6. 1800 q_adv 250 200 150 Ridge crest 2100 100 q_top q_sides 50 2200 mab Sea floor q_focused + q_diffuse + q_conduct Depth MEF heat flux calculation q ~ DqAU, Dq = qref + (qz/Sz)(S-Sref)

  7. Synthesis through “puff” models

  8. Carriage Stratified fluid Conductivity probe Current and surface waves Oscillating jet Plume distributions in stratified, oscillatory cross flow • Translate source with stepper moter • Concentration field from light sheet(s) and conductivity probe Lam and Xia, May, 2001

  9. Interconnecting observation, theory, and experiment Observations Assumptions Approaches Products Currents MEF/sources CTD Dq definition and interpolation, A integration, U extrapolation; Scaling, dimensional analysis; Advection dominates rotation q~DqAU Puff model Lab work q_top + q_sides q_adv q variance

  10. rotary above the ridge crest • rectified within the axial valley • mean flows at both levels Frequencies with dominant spectral power: Vertical coherence: 10-100m Horizontal coherence: >50km Other sources of data?

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