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Ethics

Ethics. attempts to examine and understand ways in which choices are made involving issues of right and wrong. deals with what "ought" to be rather than what "is" moral beliefs and behavior in different cultures. One profession's approach.

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Ethics

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  1. Ethics • attempts to examine and understand ways in which choices are made involving issues of right and wrong. • deals with what "ought" to be rather than what "is" • moral beliefs and behavior in different cultures

  2. One profession's approach • Moral problems in medicine have long posed real-life tests of how well some theoretical principles are able to assist physicians in making responsible decisions, which may have legal and moral consequences. Bioethics and medical ethics are fields of study composed of experts using a multi-disciplinary approach to analyze possible choices from differing points of view in complicated cases.

  3. CODE OF ETHICS • A professional code for ethical behavior, which has roots in western civilization, helps justify difficult courses of action. Health providers are guided by the following four ethical principles, which are key components to their professional ethics codes. We can also find these principles represented in the Constitution, court decisions, and in cultural and religious traditions. From the medical code of ethics, actions taken by health professionals must: • Benefit the patient - life is sacrosanct • Do no harm unless balanced by the hope for improvement • Result in an even handed allocation of scarce resources- characterized by fairness • Respect others as equal partners in making a decision

  4. Relativism a form of skepticism • Moral principles cannot be proven • Moral behavior not a rational subject • No state of moral code for all times and peoples. • Moral code are relative to culture or group. • Thus no true common morality

  5. Purpose • Not efforts will be made to address the issue of common morality • Will examine different views of how knowledge and reasoning skills may be acquired • Not to be prescriptive of ethical norms or moral values (“what ought to happen”)

  6. Bioethics • Branch of ethics deals with moral problems in medicine and the life sciences • Health providers seek guidelines to assist quality of life issues • Complications- i.e. law, economics, and technology

  7. Morality • Day to day practice of a groups view of highest “good” • Varies among groups

  8. Moral Problem Solving

  9. Practice selecting action • Gives rise to what we believe is “right” and “wrong”

  10. Moral conflict • Choice must be made and consequences are painful, no matter which course of action is chosen

  11. A young woman suffers a massive stroke and can be kept breathing only with the assistance of a ventilator. • Decision to shut off may be intellectually and medically straight foward but the emotional conflicts make choice anything but easy. • Why?

  12. Values • Often deeply held and defended Influence the final choice made

  13. Tonight • biotech ethics KPBS • National Priorities for Transforming Health Care Quality • Charles River Lab and Animal Models

  14. Biotechnology: Present and Future

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