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PM & Ozone Audit Committee –Plan Update

To monitor, analyse and provide information on air quality and develop strategies to manage air quality issues within CRAZ. To have air quality that is not harmful to human health and the environment. PM & Ozone Audit Committee –Plan Update. CRAZ AGM May 18, 2011. www.craz.ca. Outline.

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PM & Ozone Audit Committee –Plan Update

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  1. To monitor, analyse and provide information on air quality and develop strategies to manage air quality issues within CRAZ. To have air quality that is not harmful to human health and the environment. PM & Ozone Audit Committee –Plan Update CRAZ AGM May 18, 2011 www.craz.ca

  2. Outline • Introduction / Brief Committee History • Provincial and Local Background on Ozone • Update on CRAZ PM and O3 Mgmt Plan • Possible CRAZ Strategies for Future O3 Mgmt / Reduction • Discussion

  3. Committee Members • Judy Stewart, Cochrane Environmental Action Coalition • Jesse Row, Pembina Institute • Ken Robertson, The City of Calgary • Craig Knaus, Alberta Environment • Jill Bloor, CRAZ Executive Director • Dennis Stefani (chair), Alberta Health Services

  4. Terms of Reference • Inform the Board • annual updates assessing the status and achievement of CRAZ PM and O3 Management Plan deliverables • Make recommendations to the Board • for achieving PM & O3 Mgmt Plan deliverables October 2008

  5. Ozone Formation • Ground level Ozone is a secondary pollutant • O3 consumed in urban area by NO to form NO2 • enhanced O3 generation downwind of urban areas

  6. O3 Adverse Effects • Humans Acute Exposure Effects • Respiratory illness, ER visits & admissions, death • Vegetation Chronic Exposure Effects • Leaf injury, decreased growth, reduced agricultural crop yields and crop quality

  7. AB Plan Alberta PM & O3 Mgmt Plan

  8. EnvC, Fox & Kellerhas 2007 • 4th Highest 8-hour Ozone • 2006

  9. EnvC, Fox & Kellerhas 2007 • 4th Highest 8-hour Ozone • 2006 Future Scenario

  10. AENV Notification • AE Nov. 23 2006 letter to Calgary CMA Municipalities • Ozone levels are “assigned to the Management Plan action level.” • “stakeholders…need to work together to develop a plan aimed at maintaining and improving air quality” • “Alberta Environment may choose to impose a management plan” • “management plan …could include voluntary and/or regulatory mechanisms” • “ensure stakeholders share responsibility for air quality”

  11. Calgary CMA

  12. CRAZ Boundary

  13. CRAZ PM & O3 Mgmt Plan • 6 Key Themes • One of the best air quality regions in Canada • Improving air quality encourages economic growth • Land use planning promotes good air quality • Promote awareness of air quality issues • Agencies work together to improve air quality and share responsibility • Pursue science and research December 2008

  14. CRAZ Plan Update • 30 passives air monitoring network (NOx, SO2, O3) • Emission Inventory to be revised • Annual trend analysis - many parameters decreasing (e.g., PM2.5, NO2, benzene), but O3 increased 14 & 30% • CBSM Campaigns to Encourage Car Pooling • Need for stakeholders to revisit the CRAZ PM O3 Mgmt Plan • Develop a strategy or plan for O3 reduction

  15. CRAZ Plan Update • 30 passives air monitoring network (NOx, SO2, O3) • Emission Inventory to be revised • Annual trend analysis - many parameters decreasing (e.g., PM2.5, NO2, benzene), but O3 increased 14 & 30% • CBSM Campaigns to Encourage Car Pooling • Need for stakeholders to revisit the CRAZ PM O3 Mgmt Plan • Develop a strategy or plan for O3 reduction

  16. Setting an O3 Strategy • Determining an O3 Reduction Strategy Requires: • Identifying & ranking the O3 precursor emission sources • Effect of different emission reduction scenarios on O3 levels • Developing strategic priorities • Ongoing dialogue with the Board leading to final recommendations

  17. Where does O3 come from? • Sector Contribution to O3 Levels in Calgary (EnvC, Fox et al 2007) • Top 3: • Oil & Gas • On Road • Transboundary

  18. What drives O3 Formation in CRAZ? Novus Environmental O3 Precursor Report (March 2011) • NOx/VOC ratios • City of Calgary & downwind are VOC-limited • Rural CRAZ is NOx-limited (low level of confidence)

  19. Possible CRAZ O3 Strategies (1 of 4) • Combined NOx Rural & VOC Urban+ Strategy • NOx Rural If Confirmed • VOC Urban+

  20. Possible CRAZ O3 Strategies (1 of 4) • Combined NOx Rural & VOC Urban+ Strategy OR VOC Urban+ Strategy • NOx Rural (If Confirmed) • VOC Urban+

  21. Possible CRAZ O3 Strategies (2 of 4) • NOx Rural & VOC Urban+ OR VOC Urban+ • NOx Rural (If Confirmed) • Emission reduction scenarios for Oil and Gas Industry (Consultation with Gas Sector & AE) • Transportation (Municipal Planning / CBSM) • Top CRAZ NOx Emission Sources: Oil & Gas, Rail, Rock Industry, Off Road Diesel, On Road Trucks

  22. Possible CRAZ O3 Strategies (2 of 4) • NOx Rural & VOC Urban+ OR VOC Urban+ • NOx Rural (If Confirmed) • Emission reduction scenarios for Oil and Gas Industry (Consultation with Gas Sector & AE) • Transportation (Municipal Planning / CBSM) • Top CRAZ NOx Emission Sources: Oil & Gas, Rail, Rock Industry, Off Road Diesel, On Road Trucks • Uncertainties Require Clarification

  23. Possible CRAZ O3 Strategies (3 of 4) • NOx Rural & VOC Urban+ or VOC Urban+ • NOx Rural (If Confirmed) • Uncertainties Requiring Clarification • Updated Emission Inventory (large & small sources) • Additional Modelling • Sensitivity Analysis – what Sector sources are driving O3 • Clarify emission reduction scenarios to achieve target O3 • Clarify current and future (growth) emissions and O3

  24. Possible CRAZ O3 Strategies (4 of 4) • NOx Rural & VOC Urban+ OR VOC Urban+ • VOCs Urban+ - Top GoA Unregulated Sources • #1 Livestock Operations (X-urban) • #2 General Solvent - outreach to businesses and the public (awareness / incentive campaigns, partnering with others) • Light Duty Gasoline #3 Trucks and #5 Vehicles (via Transportation) • #4 Refined Petroleum Prod. Retail - vapour capture at gas stations • Green Spaces / Tree Planning and Conservation Campaigns • Lawn and Garden Gasoline Powered Equipment

  25. Supporting Studies to Proposed Strategies (1 of 2) • Rural Strategy - NOx Limited • Transportation and Oil & Gas Industry (EnvC, Fox et al. 2007 & Novus Environmental 2011) • Urban or all CRAZ Strategy - VOC Limited • Novus & My Sustainable Canada Reports 2011

  26. Supporting Studies to Proposed Strategies (2 of 2) • Rural Strategy - NOx Limited • Urban or all CRAZ Strategy - VOC Limited (Novus & My Sustainable Canada Report 2011 and ???) • Top 6 GoAUnRegulated VOC Sources • #1 Livestock Operations X-urban • #2 General Solvent Use • #3 Light Duty Gasoline Trucks (via Transportation) • #4 Refined Petroleum Products Retail • #5 Light Duty Gasoline Vehicles (via Transportation) • Two Stroke Gasoline Engines (lawn & garden) considered high (no data in existing emissions inventory, MSC Report)

  27. CRAZ O3 Strategy – future needs • Updated Emission Inventory (incl. small sources) • Include small 2 stroke engines (lawn & garden) • Refined Petroleum Products Retail • Vegetation • Further characterization of sources within various categories (e.g., Oil and Gas Industry, what sources are driving O3 formation). • Possible Future Strategic Research • Additional modelling focusing on NOx and VOC sensitivity & reduction scenarios and impact on O3

  28. CRAZ O3 Reduction Strategy Overview • Proposed General Approach for Emissions Reduction (any approach requires Board Consensus) • GoA Non Regulated Sources • Public Engagement • Advocate for Municipal Enactments / Initiatives • GoA Regulated Sources • Voluntary – advocacy role (e.g., with Oil & Gas Sector) • Involuntary – advocate for AE to regulate

  29. CRAZ O3 Reduction –Municipal Role • Municipal decisions can influence exposure potential and reduce emissions • Industrial: zoning by-laws; setbacks; impact studies; mitigation requirements • Transportation: local and regional roads and provision of public transportation • Residential/commercial/institutional: property zoning and development approval (interfaces) • Fugitive: property standards (e.g., paving of parking lots) • Source: Novus Environmental

  30. To monitor, analyse and provide information on air quality and develop strategies to manage air quality issues within CRAZ. To have air quality that is not harmful to human health and the environment. Any further Questions or Comments? www.craz.ca

  31. To monitor, analyse and provide information on air quality and develop strategies to manage air quality issues within CRAZ. To have air quality that is not harmful to human health and the environment. - EXTRA SLIDES www.craz.ca

  32. To monitor, analyse and provide information on air quality and develop strategies to manage air quality issues within CRAZ. To have air quality that is not harmful to human health and the environment. www.craz.ca

  33. Primary O3 Sources Regional Emissions Distribution (EnvC, Fox & Kellerhals 2008)

  34. Primary O3 Sources CRAZ • Transportation • Oil & Gas • Transboundary (out of province) (EnvC, Fox & Kellerhals 2008) Source : Environment Canada

  35. Primary O3 Sources Top 3 Sources Responsible For CRAZ Exceedances • Transportation • Oil & Gas • Transboundary (out of province) (EnvC, Fox & Kellerhals 2006)

  36. Calgary & Area Hot Spot Predicted 4th Highest O3 8-hour (EnvC, Fox & Kellerhals, 2007)

  37. Who is Vulnerable? Increased Susceptibility

  38. Calgary & Area Hot Spot Predicted 4th Highest O3 8-hour (EnvC, Fox & Kellerhals, 2007) This is a possible Slide for deletion

  39. Before Back Outs AB PM/O3 Mgmt Plan O3Exeedance Analysis before Back Outs (AB Env 2007)

  40. After Back Outs AB PM/O3 Mgmt Plan O3Exeedance Analysis after Back Outs (AB Env 2007)

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