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Water

Water. Water Basics. -. +. -. +. +. -. +. +. -. +. +. +. Polar : part of the molecule is slightly positive… other part slightly negative Oxygen (-) Hydrogen (+) Oxygen “hogs” hydrogen electrons & becomes negative Hydrogen Bond: Positive hydrogen attracted to negative atom.

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Water

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  1. Water

  2. Water Basics - + - + + - + + - + + + • Polar: part of the molecule is slightly positive… other part slightly negative • Oxygen (-) • Hydrogen (+) • Oxygen “hogs” hydrogen electrons & becomes negative • Hydrogen Bond: Positive hydrogen attracted to negative atom

  3. Water Basics - + - + + - + + - + + + • Polar: part of the molecule is slightly positive… other part slightly negative • Oxygen (-) • Hydrogen (+) • Oxygen “hogs” hydrogen electrons & becomes negative • Hydrogen Bond: Positive hydrogen attracted to negative oxygen

  4. Water Basics - + - + + - + + - + + + • Polar: part of the molecule is slightly positive… other part slightly negative • Oxygen (-) • Hydrogen (+) • Oxygen “hogs” hydrogen electrons & becomes negative • Hydrogen Bond: Positive hydrogen attracted to negative oxygen

  5. Water Basics - + - + + - + + - + + + • Polar: part of the molecule is slightly positive… other part slightly negative • Oxygen (-) • Hydrogen (+) • Oxygen “hogs” hydrogen electrons & becomes negative • Hydrogen Bond: Positive hydrogen attracted to negative oxygen • Nonpolar: molecule has no charged regions.

  6. Red = Oxygen (negative) White = Hydrogen (positive) - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +

  7. WaterProperties • Energy (heat, chemicals, etc…) needed to break H bonds • High specific heat: Resists temp changes • Helps to maintain a constant body temp • Cohesion: polar water molecules attracted to other polar water molecules (see bug picture) • Adhesion: polar water sticks to other molecules

  8. Solutions • Solution: mixture where 1 substance dissolves in another • 2 parts to a solution 1) Solute: substance that dissolves in a solution • Atoms, ions, molecules 2) Solvent: substance in which the solute is dissolved, present in greater amounts • Usually water • Ex: Human blood • Plasma (water) is the solvent • Carbs, proteins, sugars, etc… is the solute

  9. pH Scale • pH scale measures the amount of H+ ions • Some molecules release H+ ion when dissolved • H+ ions accumulate (acids) • Some molecules release OH- ions when dissolved • OH- ions accumulate (bases) • pH balance vital to life • Ex: Proteins break apart when outside normal pH

  10. The higher the [H+], the lower the pH! • Ex: Lemon juice has a higher [H+] than the soap in your bathroom. Which has a higher pH? H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ SOAP

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