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ANIMAL CHARACTERISTICS

ANIMAL CHARACTERISTICS. TRUE OF ANIMALS. They move They reproduce They have cell membranes & organelles They are multicellular They eat other organisms= Heterotrophic. BODY SYMMETRY. Radial Body parts arranged around a central axis Similar to the spokes around a bicycle tire

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ANIMAL CHARACTERISTICS

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  1. ANIMAL CHARACTERISTICS

  2. TRUE OF ANIMALS • They move • They reproduce • They have cell membranes & organelles • They are multicellular • They eat other organisms= Heterotrophic

  3. BODY SYMMETRY • Radial • Body parts arranged around a central axis • Similar to the spokes around a bicycle tire • Example: sea urchin, starfish

  4. BODY SYMMETRY • Bilateral • Divide down middle: have 2 mirror images • There is a dorsal, ventral, anterior, and posterior surfaces • Cephalization: development of sense organs on anterior end (become active and mobile)

  5. BODY SYMMETRY • Bilateral • Examples: mammals, reptiles, amphibians, worms, etc

  6. BODY SYMMETRY • Asymmetrical • Irregular depending on body growth • Example: sponge

  7. BODY POSITIONS • Ventral : bottom / underneath surface • Posterior: to the back / dorsal • Anterior: front end • Sagittal: a side view

  8. BODY POSITIONS • Frontal: facing the front, dividing the body equally in anterior & posterior portions • Transverse: dividing horizontally • Superior: above • Inferior: below

  9. Skeletons • Hydrostatic: water in a closed cavity • Moves like a water balloon • Examples: soft invertebrates - hydra, earthworms

  10. Skeletons • Exoskeleton: muscles attached to the inside • Better protection for internal organs • A problem when they grow • Examples: insects, clams, crabs

  11. Skeletons • Endoskeleton • Bones on the inside • Allows for easier and more complete movement • Examples: mammals

  12. COELOMS • Coelom (SEE LUHM) • A fluid filled sac between the outer wall and the organs • Space completely inside of mesoderm, filled with body fluids • Coelomates: Have true coelom

  13. COELOMS • Acoelomates: space completely filled with tissues • Pseudocoelomates: only one lining of mesoderm created this space

  14. DIGESTIVE SYSTEM • Gastrovascular Cavity: every cell is exposed to food digestion, no specialization • Digestive cavity with one opening • Example: hydra, flatworm

  15. DIGESTIVE SYSTEM • Digestive tract: specialized organs digest food • Digestive cavity with two openings • Has a mouth and anus • Most animals: mammals, reptiles, fish, amphibians, birds

  16. CIRCULATORY SYSTEM • Open system • Vessels pump fluid into body cavity & over body tissues • Closed system • heart pumps blood through vessels into body cells and then back to heart

  17. NERVOUS SYSTEM • Nerve Net: covers tissues, yet there is no coordination of information. A simple stimulus response system • Ganglia: A group of nerves that act as a center to interpret stimulus and response to situation. Can be light sensitive, or touch • Brain & Sensory organs: Complex system of information gathering

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