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What makes Earth unique

What makes Earth unique. Where is the water on our planet ?. Water Storage Reservoirs. Water (Hydrologic) Cycle. Water (Hydrologic) Cycle. Pathways and Processes. Evaporation Transpiration Condensation Precipitation Surface Runoff Infiltration. Evapotranspiration.

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What makes Earth unique

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  1. What makes Earth unique

  2. Where is the water on our planet ?

  3. Water Storage Reservoirs

  4. Water (Hydrologic) Cycle

  5. Water (Hydrologic) Cycle

  6. Pathways and Processes • Evaporation • Transpiration • Condensation • Precipitation • Surface Runoff • Infiltration Evapotranspiration

  7. Why is the water cycle important ? • Essential for Life • Transportation • Drinking Water • Irrigation • Industrial Processing

  8. Surface Water Running Water Base Level and Graded Streams Stream Erosion Transport and Deposition of Sediments Drainage Networks Stages of Valley Development

  9. Running Water (streamflow) 1. Laminar Flow- particles flow in a straight-line path, parallel to the stream channel 2. Turbulent Flow- water moves in an erratic fashions characterized by swirling, whirlpool-like eddies Controlled by: velocity of flow and roughness of the channel bottom

  10. Running Water (streamflow) Discharge- the amount (volume) of water passing a certain point in a given amount of time. m3/sec, MGD, cfs, gal/min.

  11. Base Level and Graded Streams Gradient- the vertical drop of a stream over a fixed distance Base level - The downward limit of stream erosion

  12. Base Level and Graded Streams

  13. Base Level and Graded Streams Headwaters Mouth

  14. Base Level and Graded Streams Graded Stream - a stream with the correct slope and other characteristics necessary to maintain just the velocity required to transport the material supplied to it Any change in base level will cause a corresponding readjustment in stream activity.

  15. Stream Erosion 1. Lifting poorly consolidated particles 2. Abrasion 3. Solution - less significant

  16. Stream Erosion by Abrasion Potholes

  17. Transport and Deposition of Sediments Transportation- stream transport provides a mechanism by which solid particles of various sizes are separated(SORTED). Deposition - well-sorted material deposited by streams is called(ALLUVIUM).

  18. Transport and Deposition of Sediments Channel Deposits Bars- temporary channel deposits of sand, gravel, and coarser components of the stream’s load. Point Bars- bars which occur on the inside of a bend.

  19. Stream Erosion

  20. Transport and Deposition of Sediments Meander – a looplike bend in the coarse of a stream

  21. Development of Ox Bow Lakes

  22. Ox Bow Lakes

  23. Braided Streams

  24. Braided Streams

  25. Floodplain - the part of the valley that is inundated during a flood

  26. Floodplain

  27. Deltas and Alluvial Fans

  28. Alluvial Fans– develop where a high-gradient stream leaves a narrow mountainous valley.

  29. Drainage Patterns

  30. Drainage Patterns

  31. Drainage Patterns

  32. Stages of Valley Development - Youth

  33. Stages of Valley Development - Maturity

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