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Electrical System

Electrical System. Intro to Automotives. Basics of Electricity. Definition: The movement of electrons in a conductor. Terms. Voltage: Is the electrical pressure that causes current to flow. Current: The quantity of electrons moving through a conductor. Resistance:

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Electrical System

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  1. Electrical System Intro to Automotives

  2. Basics of Electricity • Definition: • The movement of electrons in a conductor.

  3. Terms Voltage: Is the electrical pressure that causes current to flow. Current: The quantity of electrons moving through a conductor. Resistance: Is measured in ohms, usually the load, such as a light. OHMS LAW: Voltage = Current X Resistance

  4. Starting System

  5. Battery • Stores Chemical Energy • Supply electrical energy to the starter • Supplement the alternator • Lights • Radio • Etc.

  6. Key Switch • Connects or disconnects electrical current from flowing. • Completes the circuit to the solenoid starter

  7. Solenoid • Electrical Switch • Changes low current to high current

  8. Starter • Converts electrical energy into mechanical energy • Connected to the flywheel gears, which is connected to the crankshaft, which moves the pistons

  9. Neutral Safety Switch • Keeps vehicle from starting while in gear • Allows current to flow in starting system when in “PARK”

  10. Common Starting System Problems • Bad/Worn out starter or solenoid • Dead Battery • Short circuited or broken wire

  11. Charging System

  12. Charging System • The reverse of the starting system • Recharges the battery • Energy Conversion • Consists of four (4) main components

  13. Drive Belt • Connects crankshaft to Alternator • Sometimes connected to… • Power steering pump • Water pump • Air conditioning • 2 types of belts… • Serpentine • “V”- belts

  14. Serpentine Belt • Multi-ribbed • Grooves run parallel • Replace every 50,000 miles

  15. V-belts • Usually narrow • Cross-section looks like a “V” • Replace every 25,000 miles

  16. Alternator • Converts mechanical energy to electric energy • Does both AC & DC

  17. Battery • Stores Chemical Energy • 12-volt DC • Converts electrical energy to chemical energy • Supplements the alternator • Lights • Radio • Etc.

  18. Voltage Regulator • Located in or near the alternator • Regulates the Voltage • Should be about 14.5 volts while the engine is running

  19. Other Component Information

  20. Fuses • Located in the junction block • Rated in Amps 5,10, 15, etc… • 2 types of fuzzes • Glass Cylinder • Blade

  21. Headlights • Headlights • Sealed Beam • Composite • Halogen • Filled with gas

  22. Electrical System Questions/Discussion…

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