Final Exam (S2) Unified Science

1. Final Exam (S2)Unified Science Ms. Phillips

2. Which of the following items are true about testing materials: • Materials must be available or attainable • Materials must be approved by the teacher • Use of materials must be supervised by a qualified adult • Materials must be safe to use • All of the above

3. Which of the following items are true about subjects for inquiries: • Subjects can only be people • Human subjects must volunteer, must be available to participate, must understand what they will be expected to do and must be allowed to stop participating at any time. • Science studies must be approved by the science board of directors • All of the above • None of the above

4. Which of the following items are true about scientific observations: • Involves the five (5) senses • Observations can be objective or subjective • Observations trigger the question that leads to an inquiry • All of the above are correct • Observations only happen in laboratories

5. What is the maximum number of test subjects that can be used in a scientific inquiry? • There is no maximum number • There must be at least 50 test subjects to have accurate data. • High school students can have tests in many subjects in the same day. • There are only 3 variables used in a scientific inquiry. • Test subjects cannot be numbered.

6. Which of the following items are true about inquiry procedures: • Procedures must give specific step-by-step instructions about how the study is tested from beginning to conclusion • Procedures are required for others to repeat the study • Procedures must be clearly worded and easy to follow • All of the above • None of the above

7. Which of the following answers explains the difference between objective and subjective observations: • Objective observations are based on opinion and subjective observations are based on facts. • Objective observations have specific math equations involved and are hard to describe. • Subjective observations are only done in a library with reference books that are organized alphabetically by subject. • Subjective observations are based on opinion and objective observations are based on facts. • Objective observations can be done with a computer and have pictures of the things that you are researching.

8. In a scientific inquiry, the item or idea that you are testing with the inquiry is called the __________. • Unknown variable • Independent variable • Control variable • Dependent variable • Missing variable

9. What is the minimum number of research subjects that should be used in an inquiry? • Three • Five • Twenty • There is no minimum number • None of the above

10. Which of the following items are true about a valid hypothesis: • The materials and subjects needed to test the hypothesis must be available to you or must be obtainable. • The hypothesis must be testable. (can be proven to be right or wrong) • The hypothesis must clearly answer your research question. • The hypothesis must be stated in the “If…Then…Because” format. • All of the above

11. Which of the following items are true about research questions: • the question must be answerable, researchable and logical. • research questions are developed as the result of an observation • it must be worded as a question that can only be answered with “yes” or “no” • all of the above are true • none of the above are true

12. The primary source of energy for the Earth’s atmosphere is: • Energy from within the Earth • The Sun • Erupting Volcanoes • Lightning discharges associated with Thunderstorms. • Latent heat released during the formation of hurricanes

13. The most abundant gases in the Earth’s atmosphere by volume are: • Oxygen and helium • Oxygen and water vapor • Nitrogen and oxygen • Oxygen and ozone • Carbon dioxide and nitrogen

14. Water vapor is: • A gas • A cloud droplet • A rain drop • A snowflake • none of the above

15. The only substance near the Earth’s surface that is found naturally in the atmosphere as a solid, liquid and a gas: • carbon dioxide • water • molecular oxygen • ozone • carbon

16. The most abundant gas emitted from volcanoes is: • nitrogen • sulfur dioxide • helium • carbon dioxide • water vapor

17. The atmospheric layer in which we live is called the: • Troposphere • Stratosphere • Thermosphere • Ionosphere • Exosphere

18. A change of one degree on the Celsius scale is __________ a change of one degree on the Fahrenheit scale. • larger than • equal to • unrelated to • in the opposite direction of • smaller than

19. The temperature scale that sets freezing of pure water at 32⁰ F: • Kelvin • Fahrenheit • Celsius • British • Foreign

20. Heat is energy in the processor being transferred from: • hot objects to cold objects • low pressure to high pressure • cold objects to hot objects • high pressure to low pressure • regions of low density toward regions of high density.

21. When water changes from a liquid to a vapor, we call this process: • freezing • condensation • sublimation • evaporation • deposition

22. Which of the following is the poorest conductor of heat? • Water • Ice • Snow • Soil • Still Air

23. A heat transfer process in the atmosphere that depends upon the movement of air is: • conduction • convection • absorption • reflection • radiation

24. In the Northern Hemisphere, this day has the fewest hours of daylight __________. • summer solstice • vernal equinox • autumnal equinox • winter solstice • none of the above

25. Where are the days and nights of equal length all year long? • at the equator • at 66.5º • at 23.5º • nowhere • all of the above

26. Treatment for Seasonal Affective Disorder generally involves increased exposure to __________. • carbon dioxide • dihydrogen monoxide • sunlight • water vapor • gluten

27. For maximum winter warmth, in the Northern Hemisphere, large windows in a house should face __________. • north • east • west • northeast • south

28. Our seasons are caused by _______. • the changing distance between the Earth and the Sun • the length of the daylight hours • the angle at which sunlight reaches the Earth • all of the above • The length of the daylight hours and the angle at which sunlight reaches the Earth

29. Which of the following can be used as a method of protecting an orchard from damaging low temperatures during a radiation inversion? • orchard heaters • irrigation (cover the area with water) • wind machines • all of the above • none of the above

30. As the air temperature increases, the air’s capacity for water vapor: • increases • decreases • remains constant • is unrelated to air temperature and can either increase or decrease. • All of the above

31. If all the water vapor in the atmosphere were to condense and fall to the ground, the globe would be covered with about __________ of water. • 1 millimeter • 1 inch • 1 foot • 1 meter • 1 mile

32. The Gulf Coast states are more humid in summer than the coastal areas of southern California mainly because of the: • low relative humidity of the air over the Pacific Ocean • higher air temperature in the Gulf States • lower air temperature in Southern California • higher water temperature in the Gulf of Mexico • air pollution in Southern California

33. Dew is most likely to form on: • clear, calm nights • cloudy, calm nights • clear, windy nights • cloudy, windy nights • rainy nights

34. Which cloud is LEAST likely to produce precipitation that reaches the ground? • stratus • nimbostratus • cumulonimbus • cirrocumulus • all of the above

35. Light or moderate-but-steady precipitation is most often associated with _____________ clouds. • nimbostratus • cirrostratus • cirrocumulus • cumulonimbus • none of the above

36. A knowledge of air stability is important because: • it determines the direction of movement of storms • it determines the vertical motion of air • it determines the movement of high pressure areas • it determines seasonal weather patterns • none of the above

37. Which cloud type below would most likely form an unstable atmosphere? • cumulus humilis • stratus • cirrostratus • nimbostratus • cumulonimbus

38. The vertical motion of air caused by sun heating the ground is called: • convection • orographic lifting • subsidence • convergence • deportation

39. When only ice crystals exist in a cloud, the cloud is said to be: • frozen • frigid • glaciated • supercooled • supersaturated

40. The growth of a precipitation particle by the collision of an ice crystal (or snowflake) with a supercooled liquid droplet is called: • miraculous • accretion • spontaneous nucleation • condensation • deposition

41. A light shower of snow that falls intermittently from cumuliform clouds for a short duration is known as: • snow flurries • a snow squall • virga • a cloud burst • a fall streak

42. If the Earth’s gravitational force were to increase, atmospheric pressure at the ground would: • remain the same • decrease • increase • divide • cause the universe to expand vertically

43. Which of the following instruments measures pressure? • thermometer • radiometer • hygrometer • densitometer • barometer FA03/S2/05-07

44. The mercury barometer was invented by: • Galileo Galilei • Evangelista Torricelli • Sir Isaac Newton • James Watt • Vincent van Gogh FA03/S2/05-07

45. Lines connecting points of equal pressure are called: • millibars • contours • isotherms • isobars • a coordinate grid

46. The “force exerted on an object equals its mass times the acceleration produced” is a description of: • Buys-Ballot’s law • the isobaric law • hydrostatic equilibrium • a biology question • Newton’s second law of motion

47. The __________ is an apparent force created by the Earth’s rotation. • pressure gradient force • Coriolis Effect • centripetal force • gravitational force • empire force

48. The friction of fluid flow is called: • viscosity • compression • convergence • shear • inertia

49. Surface winds are generally strongest and most gusty: • in the early morning • around midnight • in the afternoon • just after sunset • just before sunrise

50. An instrument used to measure wind speed is called a (an): • sphygmomanometer • anemometer • ceilometer • psychrometer • tachometer