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Terrain

Three recent works. Terrain. Harold: A world made of drawings (Cohen, Hughes, Zeleznik – NPAR 2000). Aim: Create 3D worlds via a drawing paradigm. Approach: Stroke projection (Draw on sky, draw on ground) Billboards (rotate to face viewer)

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Terrain

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  1. Three recent works Terrain

  2. Harold: A world made of drawings (Cohen, Hughes, Zeleznik – NPAR 2000) • Aim: • Create 3D worlds via a drawing paradigm • Approach: • Stroke projection (Draw on sky, draw on ground) • Billboards (rotate to face viewer) • Create terrain via ridge silhouette (height-field)

  3. Harold: A world made of drawings (Cohen, Hughes, Zeleznik) • Interface: • Non photo-realistic • Mode based • Gestures • Tool palette for strokes, colour

  4. Harold: A world made of drawings (Cohen, Hughes, Zeleznik) • Advantages: • Easy to implement and use • Rapid placement of features • Disadvantages: • Not true 3D – A billboard of a house ruins the illusion • Terrain looks odd from angles other than creation angle

  5. A sketching interface for terrain modeling (Watanabe, Igarashi – Siggraph '04 poster) • More natural terrain profiles • Each stroke creates a mountain • Segment stroke at local maxima/minima • Create cross-sectional shape and depth for each segment

  6. Terrain – Outstanding problems (not exhaustive): • Mountains created along a line parallel to view-plane • A real mountainous horizon silhouette contains many peaks from different ranges at different depths

  7. SmoothSketch: 3D free-form shapes from complex sketches (Karpenko, Hughes – Siggraph '06) Aim: Infer plausible 3D free-form shapes from visible-contour sketches • Approach: • Infer hidden contours • Assume low curvature A similar approach could work for terrain

  8. Three recent papers Flowers, Plants & Trees

  9. Floral diagrams and inflorescences: Interactive flower modeling using botanical structural constraints (Ijiri, Okabe, Owada, Igarashi – Siggraph '05) Aim: To model flowers quickly in 3D via a progression of specialised interfaces • Approach: • Separate structure and geometry modelling • Limited enough to restrict problem space • General enough to allow user creativity • Specific user interface for each component

  10. Floral diagram editor Inflorescence structure & geometry editor Petal modelling

  11. Floral diagrams and inflorescences: Interactive flower modeling using botanical structural constraints (Ijiri, Okabe, Owada, Igarashi – Siggraph '05) • Summary: • A good example of an application specific interface with some sketch based components • Limited to 8 common branching patterns for flower heads • Sketching only used for geometry, structure is created by modifying handles on template arrangements

  12. Interactive Design of Botanical Trees Using Freehand Sketches and Example-based Editing (Okabe, Owada, Igarashi – EG '05) Aim: To quickly design 3D trees based on 2D sketching and example based control.

  13. Interactive Design of Botanical Trees Using Freehand Sketches and Example-based Editing (Okabe, Owada, Igarashi – EG '05) • Approach: • Sketch branch structure • Gestural, mode based branch editing • Example based leaf arrangement

  14. Interactive Design of Botanical Trees Using Freehand Sketches and Example-based Editing (Okabe, Owada, Igarashi – EG '05) • Assume user only draws branches extending sideways • Place branches in 3D by calculating rotation around trunk to maximize inter-branch distance

  15. Interactive Design of Botanical Trees Using Freehand Sketches and Example-based Editing (Okabe, Owada, Igarashi – EG '05) Summary: Rapid tree creation Some natural principles ignored (tropism) Appearance more important than close simulation of reality Sketching used to generate tree structure and leaf geometry (in contrast to previous paper)

  16. Modeling Plant Structures Using Concept Sketches (Anastacio, Costa Sousa, Samavati, Jorge – NPAR '06) Aim: To allow rapid modeling of simple spiral plant arrangements • Approach: • Build plant structure from sketched construction lines. • Leaf variety by interpolation between extreme cases • Pen and ink rendering

  17. Different phyllotactic patterns Combining two structures

  18. Modeling Plant Structures Using Concept Sketches (Anastacio, Costa Sousa, Samavati, Jorge – NPAR '06) • Summary • Limited to single compound plant structures (no branching) • Limited to spiral arrangement • Lends itself to a multi-resolution approach to modeling

  19. Summary What have we seen? High level -> Concept sketches vs Low level -> geometry editor Reducing user work through example based editing Sketching works nicely given a-priori knowledge of the domain None of this work uses L-Systems

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