Drugs

1. Drugs

2. Drugs • Drug a substance other than food that changes the way the body or mind function • Drug Misuse incorrect use of a prescription drug or OTC drug • Drug Abuse intentional use of a drug without medical or health reasons

3. Way Drugs Enter the Body • By mouth • Most common way is be swallowing • Drug travels to the stomach and small intestines and is absorbed into the bloodstream • By injection • Syringe and needle • Into a muscle or blood vessel causing immediate results

4. Way Drugs Enter the Body • By inhalation • Inhaled through the nose or mouth • Enter bloodstream through the lungs • Snorting-sniffing drugs through the nose • Absorbed through the mucous membranes of nasal passage • By absorption • Absorbed through the skin or mucous membranes into bloodstream • skin

5. Way Drugs Enter the Body • By implantation • Places under the skin where the drug can be released into the bloodstream

6. Drugs • Dose: amount of a drug that is taken at one time • Influences on the effects of drugs • Weight • Age • Feelings • health

7. Prescription Drugs • Medicine is a drug that is used to treat, prevent, or diagnose illness • Rx drug is a medicine that fights specific illnesses and infections and can only be obtained with a prescription (Rx).

8. Prescription continued • Rx must be prepared and sold by a pharmacist • Brand name • A drug with a registered name or trademark given to a drug by a pharmaceutical company • Generic Name • Same ingredients as the brand name but are less expensive

9. Prescription continued • Rx • Patient’s full name • Patient’s birth date • Name of drug • Form of drug • Dose • Directions • Physician’s name, address, phone number and signature

10. Prescriptioncontinued • Rx must be prepared and sold by a pharmacist • Brand Name • A drug with a registered name or trademark given to a drug by a pharmaceutical company. • Generic Name • Same ingredients as brand name but are less expensive.

11. Over the Counter • A drug that can be purchased without a RX in stores such as a grocery store or drug • Aspirin, vitamins and cold medicines • Relieve signs and symptoms of illness • Indications for use • A symptom or condition for which the OTC drug should be used • Contraindications for use • A symptom or condition for which the OTC should not be used

12. Guidelines to Follow • Obtain permission from Doctors and parents • Don’t purchase OTC if package is broken • Follow directions • Stop if you get side effects • Don’t take after expiration date • Don’t participate in activities that put you at risk if you are taking an OTC drug

13. New Drug Laws • The new legislation, part of the renewed Patriot Act, requires consumers to show a photo ID and sign a log book when they buy products containing the nasal decongestant, pseudoephedrine. • The law is designed to make it harder for criminals to obtain pseudoephedrine, which is used to make methamphetamines.

14. Inhalants • Chemicals that affect mood and behavior when inhaled • Most inhalants are not controlled drugs • Often are the first drug that a young person uses because inhalants are easily accessible • Quick high but lasts only a few minutes

15. Inhalants continued • Huffing/sniffing • Inhaling fumes • Bagging • Inhaling fumes from a bag to get high • Balloons, aerosol cans • Deprives the brain of oxygen

16. Inhalants continued • Can cause heart failure and instant death • Cause the central nervous system to slow down • Interferes with breathing and may cause suffocation • May experience euphoria, nausea, vomiting, headaches, dizziness, and uncontrollable laughter

17. Inhalants continued • Damage the immune system, heart, kidneys, blood and bone marrow • Can cause leukemia or lead poisoning • Reasoning and judgment are impaired • May experience hallucinations • May develop psychological or physical dependence

18. Inhalants continued • Nail polish remover • Furniture polish • Gasoline • Glue • Hairspray • Lighter fluid • Marker fluid • Paint thinner • Rubber cement • Spray Paint

19. Ecstasy (MDMA) • An illegal psychoactive drug that has a stimulating effect and ability to cause hallucinations • Made in a laboratory • Can be taken in pill form, snorted, or injected

20. MDMA continued • Confusion, depression, insomnia, severe anxiety, paranoia, or extreme fear • Muscle tension, involuntary teeth clenching, nausea, blurred vision, faintness, chills, and sweating • Increases heartbeat rate and blood pressure • Harm memory and pleasure centers in the brain

21. MDMA continued • Effects of ecstasy can last between 3 to 6 hours • Illegal drug = different ingredients each time you take it.

22. Hallucinogens • A drug that interferes with the sense and causes hallucinations • Hallucination • An imagined experience that seems real • Increase heart rate, blood pressure, tremors and nausea • Alter perception of reality, time and environment, intensify mood and cause rapid mood swings, flashback

23. Hallucinogens continued • Can develop a tolerance • Impair reasoning, judgment and slow reaction time • Examples • LSD (acid, swallowed, sniffed, or sublingual) • PCP (angel dust, smoked swallowed, sniffed) • Shrooms (eaten) • MDMA (swallowed, sniffed, injected)

24. Stimulants • A drug that speeds up the activities of the central nervous “uppers” • Increase blood pressure, heart rate, and breathing rate • Teen use this illegal drug to lose weight, stay awake and feeling high • Develop physical and psychological dependence

25. Stimulants continued • Within minutes of taking a stimulant a person can suffer from a heart attack, seizure, stop breathing or die • May experience tremors, vomiting, increased alertness, quickened movements, a racing heart and increased blood pressure. • Can become confused, anxious, aggressive, and paranoid

26. Stimulants continued • Cocaine • Coke, snorted, injected, smoked • Crack • Rock, smoked • Amphetamines • Diet pills, swallowed • Methamphetamines • Meth, crystal meth, swallowed, snorted, injected, or smoked) • Methacathinone • Speed, swallowed, snorted, injected, smoked • Ephedrine • Effies, swallowed, inhaled

27. Narcotics • A drug that slows down or depresses the central nervous system and relieves pain • Can be prescribed by a doctor • Suppress cough and control diarrhea • May experience euphoria, drowsiness, nausea, rapid heartbeat and clammy skin • Large doses • Induce sleep and may cause vomitting

28. Narcotics continues • Can not use reasoning and judgment to make responsible decisions, become depressed and lazy • May lead to physical dependence • Will have withdrawal symptoms

29. Narcotics continues • Opium • O, smoked • Morphine • Morph, injected, snorted, smoked, swallowed • Codeine • swallowed • Heroin • Smack, junk, injected, snorted, smoked

30. Sedatives-Hypnotics • A drug that depresses the activities of the central nervous system (sleeping pills. Tranquilizers) • Sedatives • Calming effect on a person’s behavior • Hypnotic • Produces drowsiness and sleep

31. Sedatives-Hypnotics • Don’t use with alcohol • Causes slurred speech, lack of coordination, clammy skin, dilated pupils, inability to stay awake • May develop depression • Physical dependence • Examples • Barbiturates (bars, swallowed) • Benzodiazepines (tranquilizers, swallowed, injected)