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Metadata: practice and practice

This primer introduces strategies for managing digital assets in libraries. It covers themes like scalability, the need for programmatically created metadata, and shifting from projects to services. Topics include metadata creation, services, and the importance of interoperability. The text explores various metadata types such as Descriptive, Structural, Technical, and Rights metadata, emphasizing their role in facilitating discovery and asset management. Additionally, it delves into metadata standards like SCORM, METS, and MARC, offering insights into their application in digital asset management. The document underscores the significance of controlled vocabularies, encoding, and interoperability in building efficient digital asset management systems.

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Metadata: practice and practice

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  1. Metadata:practice and practice Lorcan Dempsey VP Research and Chief Strategist CLIR/DLF. Managing Digital Assets: A Primer for Library and Information Technology Administrators   Charleston, SC February 4-6, 2005

  2. Overview • Part 1 • Part 2 • Part 3 • Part 4

  3. Some themes • Consolidation: fragmentation gets in the way • Industrialization: much of our metadata creation is a cottage industry: current approaches will not scale • Cost: value • Intellectual and machine: need to work harder to programmatically create metadata • Institutions and service: move from projects to service

  4. Example: Metasearch/portal Metadata is everywhere ;-)

  5. A ‘portal’ turned inside out … Common services I need a few references Content services Application services Presentation services

  6. Common services authentication Content services Application services Presentation services

  7. Directory: user profile Common services Content services Application services Presentation services

  8. Common services Query broker Content services Application services Presentation services

  9. Directory: service/collection description Common services Content services Application services Presentation services

  10. Common services Content: results list Content services Application services Presentation services

  11. Common services I’d like to get this book. Request broker Content services Application services Presentation services

  12. Common services Directory: ILL policy Content services Application services Presentation services

  13. Directory: service/collection description Common services Content services Application services Presentation services

  14. Common services Content: circ/ILL system Content services Application services Presentation services

  15. Common services I need this article too. Request broker Content services Application services Presentation services

  16. Common services openURL resolver Content services Application services Presentation services

  17. Common services Directory: local knowledge base Content services Application services Presentation services

  18. Nearly there … Common services Directory: service/collection description Content services Application services Presentation services

  19. Common services Content: article Content services Application services Presentation services

  20. Directory: user profile Directory: service/collection description Directory: ILL policy Authentication Common services Directory: local knowledge base Reference db OpenURL resolver Circ/ILL system Article db • Metadata for multiple entities required to support operations. • This picture could be extended in multiple ways. Request broker Query broker Content services Application services Presentation services

  21. Metadata as intelligence … • Know what resources are available • Know how to play a resource • Know provenance of a resource • Know what use policy governs a resource • Know how to ingest a resource • Know how to interact with a resource • Know how to compose/decompose resources • …

  22. Metadata? … allows people and machines to work smarter …

  23. Metadata? Schematized … … statements about … … resources

  24. Something about Resources

  25. … and will support multiple operations Discovery to delivery Digital asset management Publishing interfaces: intersections between user information spaces and library information spaces Resources: everything that moves • Multiple types of information Objects • Collections • Services • People • Organizations • Places • Terms • Formats • Rights • Business terms • License

  26. Descriptive Structural Technical Administrative Rights Preservation Tracking Provenance Different classes of metadata increasingly a part of complex object models • SCORM/Content package • METS • MPEG 21 • …

  27. EAD, MARC AMC, .. MARC, MODS, DC, RSLP, .. Onix, … MPEG, JPEG, TIAA-CREF… XML, RDF, OWL, … CSDGM, DDI, NBII, IVOA, … EGMS, AGLS, GILS, … GEM, DC-ED, IEEE-LOM, SCORM, … * Community? * * *

  28. So … • More than discovery … • More than information objects … • More than library …

  29. Something about schematized

  30. Application profile ‘Element set’ Information model Values/content Encoding Simple descriptive metadata!! Cataloging rulesControlled vocabs.… FRBRINDECSCIDOC … MARC21 DC VRA CoreMODSOnix … XML ISO2709 …

  31. OAI

  32. OAI Server#1 OAI Harvester Mergedresource OAI Server#2 Web Browser OAI Server#3 OAI-based mediation

  33. OAI • A way of ‘publishing’ processable metadata on the network • A way of synchronizing databases • And … • The same for resources themselves? • A nice building block for other services

  34. An example Following pages show some experimental services where OAI is used to ‘publish’ metadata. There is a WIKI interface to metadata stores managed under OAI.

  35. Tools Edit

  36. Interoperability • Recombinant potential • Economic and service issues • Cost

  37. Encoding Element set Content/values Encoding Element set Content/values Interoperability a factor at all these levels .. For example .. Examples: Z39.2/MARC/AACR DC OAI

  38. Importance of agreements • DC profile • Vocabularies

  39. This gives a context for discussing … • Traditional library practice • Strive for consistency at all three levels in the ISO 2709/MARC/AACR model • Institutionalised in standards, OCLC/RLG/LC, committees, … • Dublin Core • Consistency of element set • A small number of encodings • Content/values subject to separate agreement • OAI • A transport for resources. • No control over the transported resources • So …

  40. Something about collections

  41. Books • Journals • Newspapers • Gov. docs • CD, DVD • Maps • Scores Freely-accessible web resources • Research and learning materials • ePrints/tech reports • Learning objects • Courseware • E-portfolios • Research data • Untransferred records • Special collectionsArchives • Rare books • Local history materials • Archives & Manuscripts • Theses & dissertations Collections grid Stewardship high low low Uniqueness high

  42. Collections grid disclosure high low Publishing Amazoogle D2D low Reformatting high E-learning E-research Cultural heritage Digital asset management

  43. Bought materials Licensed materials Special collections/archives Research and learning materials Stewardship high low low Uniqueness high Some observations Metadata Cost/value Routine? Consolidated?

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