5A: English

1. 5A: English M1: Othello M5: Othello T3:Poetry T8: Poetry W8: Othello F1: Composition/ Essay Writing **** All class topics are subject to change **** All classes will be held in Room 6

2. Miss Smith 5A English

3. Rules Jackets Off, Books and Materials Out Listen to directions Be respectful of your teacher and fellow students Raise your hand to speak Sanctions Warning Discipline Sheet/ Asked to stand Note in Journal (to be signed) Phonecall Home Detention Discipline sheet/Referred to Year Head Classroom Rules P.S. ALWAYS be prepared for class. Have all books, materials and homework out and ready for inspection. Miss Smith Quiz

4. English Books • New Discovery Poetry Book • William Shakespeare’s Othello

5. William Shakespeare What do you know about this man?  1564-1616

6. This class’s aim is to introduce you to the playwright William Shakespeare • ***Don’t forget to take notes during this class on what you have learned about Shakespeare and his GlobeTheatre. • You will be asked to create a pop quiz to test the person next to you at the end of this lesson. (10 questions)

7. Who was Shakespeare? • William Shakespeare was born in 1564 in Henley Street, Stratford-upon-Avon. • Shakespeare  never finished his education. • At the age of 18, Shakespeare married Anne Hathaway who was 26-years-old at the time. •  Sometime before 1592 Shakespeare fled his home and family to follow the life of an actor in London.

8. Born, Stratford upon Avon 1564 • here • Maybe on April 23rd • The eldest of 6 • His youngest brother, Edmund, also became an actor!

9. Went to school………… • here • From 7 – 13 – just one class! • 6 days a week, every week of the year • From 6am to 6pm • He learned Latin, mostly • No girls allowed!

10. Died in 1616... • in Stratford on April 23rd • at New Place – the second biggest house in town. In 1759 the owner – the local vicar – had it pulled down as he was fed up with the constant stream of visitors.

11. Who was Shakespeare? • When the theatres reopened after the Plague in late 1594, Shakespeare was no longer a simple actor, but a playwright as well, writing and performing for the theatre company called "Lord Chamberlain's Men", which later became "The King's Men". • For the next 17 years he produced an average of 2 plays a year for The King's Men.

12. Who was Shakespeare? • Shakespeare married a woman named Anne Hathaway in 1582. She was 26 and he was 18 • When he died in 1616, William Shakespeare divided up his considerable property amongst his daughters (his son Hamnet had died in childhood). He left his wife his second best bed. • Shakespeare was buried in the chancel of Holy Trinity church.

13. Shakespeare’s funerary monument in Holy Trinity Church, Stratford-upon-Avon.

14. Shakespeare’s Theatre • A round open air playhouse • A large stage in the centre with an overhead canopy known as “the heavens”. • Stage extends into an open yard described as level ground without sand

15. The Globe • Most of Shakespeare’s plays were performed here • It was moved from the north to the south of the Thames in 1599 • You can visit a new Globe, built on almost the same site, in London

16. The Theatre • The Globe had been the company’s ‘home’ for 5 years • It was open all year round • All the plays were performed in the afternoon, but there were no performances on Sundays or holy days • The Globe held 3000 people – 1500 of them standing in The Yard

17. The Globe

21. The Globe • A trumpet was sounded to announce to people that the play was about to begin. • Flags were used as a form of Elizabethan Advertising! Flags were erected on the day of the performance, and they were colour coded - a black flag meant a tragedy , white a comedy and the colour red was an historical play.

22. The Actors • Shakespearean Actors only got their lines as the play was in progress. • Parts were often allocated on the day of the performance. • Many times the actors didn't even get their own lines. They did “cue acting”. • All actors were male. Women were not allowed to act until much later in the 17th century.

23. Props! • The stage was often bare, actors often told the audience where they were or gave hints in their dialogue as to the setting. • For example the first scene of Othello is at night but the performances in the playhouse took place in daylight. Shakespeare includes references to snoring citizens, officers of the nights, to overcome this. He also has the characters carrying torches and Brabantio wearing a nightgown. • Other Special Affects were:…. • Smoke effects, the firing of a real canon; • Fireworks (for dramatic battle scenes); • The stage floor had trap-doors allowing for additional surprising incidents; • Music - musicians usually performed off stage.

24. Paying Customers • 3,000people could fit into the Globe • 1,700 of them paid 1 penny to stand in the ‘yard’ where there was no roof! They were called ‘Groundlings’ • Most of the audience could neither read nor write • So the plays had to be entertaining or the theatres would have made no money. And Shakespeare was a very rich man!

25. Paying Customers • Groundlings could boo actors and frequently threw food onto the stage if they didn’t like the production! • Prostitution and gambling were rife among theatre goers. It was generally seen as shameful to watch a play. • Due to these immoral happenings puritans had the Globe and all other playhouses shut/pulled down in 1648. • All players were to be seized and whipped, and anyone caught attending a play to be fined five shillings.

26. Othello in Context

27. Othello • Probably written between 1601-1604 • It proved very popular and shown more often than any other tradgedy • The roles of Othello and Iago excited imaginations of Shakespeare’s. • This is due to Iago displaying wicked characteristics that the 17th century audience expected to find in a “moor” such as Othello. Moor’s were mostly presented as diabolical figures.

28. Historical Context • Patriarchal society and concept of marriage as political move • England beginning to be involved with slave trade – awareness of other races • Belief that dark skin was a punishment for sin • Dark skin = more sexually predatory and therefore volatile and dangerous • Wars between Venice and Turkey

29. Othello • The character is described a ‘The Moor’ and may owe something to Queen Elizabeth’s spymaster, Francis Walsingham whom she nicknamed ‘my Moor’ • A ‘Moor’ referred to anyone with a dark complexion and there was an Arabian ambassador to the court of Elizabeth I • The tradition of casting Othello as a black African is relatively modern

30. Setting • The battle referred to in the play where the Turks threaten Cyprus is historically accurate • The action of the play moves from ‘civilised’ Venice to Cyprus – an outpost constantly under threat from the Muslim Turks • In Venice there are laws and courts, but in Cyprus Othello is the law

31. Dramatic Context • Othello is the first black hero on the English stage, though it was hundreds of years until Ira Aldridge got to be the first black man playing the part. • Shakespeare had written about Aaron the Moor (Titus Andronicus) and Shylock (Merchant of Venice), but Othello marks a break away from these more stereotypical portrayals. • Iago is a villain whose fate is left slightly ambiguous – the usual structure of a tragedy would allow for his punishment and death to be shown before the close of the play.

32. Homework • Go over notes from today. • There will be a short quiz on Wednesday on the details discussed today.

33. Quote Quiz: Act 1 Scene 1 • Iago: I know my price….. • Iago: One Michael…………………………………… ……………………………………………battle knows • Iago: I…………………………. Upon him • Roderigo: What a………………………………….… …………………………………….thus!

34. Quote Quiz: Act 1 Scene 1 • Iago: I know my price: I am worth no worse a place. But he, as loving his own pride and purposes, evades them with a bombast circumstance • Iago: One MichaelCassio. A Florentine, a fellow almost damn’d in a fair wife, that never set a squadron in the field, Nor the division of a battle knows • Iago: I follow him to serve my turn upon him • Roderigo: What a full fortune does the thick lips owe if he can carry’t thus!

35. Act 1 Scene 1

36. Act 1, Scene 1: Snapshot • Villain of the play Iago is introduced. He and Roderigo, a pawn of Iago’s, are outside the house of a Venetian senator, Brabantio. • It is late, Brabantio’s daughter Desdemona, has just eloped with Othello, a Moorish general. • At first Brabantio rejects Roderigo thinking he has come to woo Desdemona • He discovers Desdemona missing and seeks help tracing her • Meanwhile, Iago joins Othello pretending to be loyal to him

37. Key Points in Act 1 Scene 1 • Iago hates Othello for overlooking him for a promotion and resents Cassio for getting the job • Roderigo is incredible gullible and foolish and trusts Iago • Brabantio is superstitious (believes Othello has put a spell on his daughter) and impulisve and never questions Roderigo’s claims • Racism is clearly seen with Othello described as “an old black ram”, “ a Barbary horse” and “the thick lips”. • Even though Iago portrays Othello as being pompous and boastful, he admits that Othello has unrivalled military prowess.

38. Homework • Write the summary, in your own words, of Act 1 Scene 1 • Write in to copy quotes on page 15 and learn quotes. • All work will be checked in Monday’s class

39. Act 1 Scene 2 • Iago appears as Othello’s friend and convinces Othello of Brabantio’s ill words • Cassio appears with news of an imminent war with the Turks • Othello is confronted by Brabantio, Roderigo and their followers. Othello received them with calm self-assurance • Due to urgent state business, the conflict is prevented from developing.

40. Key Points in Act 1 Scene 2 • Iago’s double dealing is highlighted. He proves to be resourceful and turns every situation to his own advantage • Othello is calm and reasonable in the face of the angry mob. He displays an air of dignity and authority • On the other hand, Brabantio is controlled by his emotions. He is insulting towards Othello

41. Act 1 Scene 1 • Write down two quotes referring to racism in Act 1 Scene 1 • Brabantio: “Is there not ……………… ……….abus’d?”

42. Racism Quotes • Roderigo: What a full fortune does the thick lips owe if he can carry’t thus! • Iago: An old black ram Is tupping your white ewe • Iago: Barbary Horse

43. Brabantio: “Is there not harms By which the property of youth and maidhood may be abus’d?”

44. Act 1 Scene 3 • Duke and Senators consider the Turkish treat and consider military action • A tribunal enquiry begins when Othello, Brabantio and company arrive • Both Othello and Desdemona’s account of their marriage shows consent on both sides. • The duke is convinced their love is true and tries to persuade Brabantio of this. Brabantio refuses to give his blessing and warns Othello not to take his daughter for granted. • Othello is ordered to go to Cyprus and Desdemona requests to join him. She is put in the care of Iago for the journey. • The scene closes with Iago sharing his plans. He will maintain his hold over Roderigo and make Othello jealous suggesting that Cassio is overly familiar with Desdemona.

45. Key Points in Act 1 Scene 3 • Othello and Desdemona describe the development of their relationship in a sincere, romantic manner. • Othello’s standing in Venice is very high- he is seen as the saviour of the state. • While we admire Othello’s nobility and openness, these are the very qualities that make him vulnerable to manipulation by Iago • Desdemona is noble, independent and romantic • Iago is a cold, emotionless character who believes in the power of his own will. His delight in evil for its own sake points to his devlish nature.

46. Quotes Quiz • Write down • a racist quote said by Roderigo • a racist quote said by Iago • a quote that’s shows Iago’s true intentions • a quote that shows Brabantio believes in magic and sorcery • a quote Brabantion says about Desdemona’s character • a quote Othello says about Desdemona’s character

47. Quotes Quiz • Answers: • “What a full fortune does the thicklips own If he can carry’t thus” • “An old ram is tupping your white ewe”/ “Barbary horse” • “I follow him to serve my time upon him” • “Is there not charms By which the property of youth and maidhood May be abus’d” • “A maiden never bold, Of spirit so still and quiet that her motion Blush’d at herself. And she, in spite of nature, Of years, of country, credit, everything, To fall in love with what she fear’d to look on?” • “She loved me for the dangers I had pass’d, And I loved her that she did pity them”.

48. Act 1 Scene 3: Quotes Quiz • How does the first senator refer to Othello? • What does Desdemona say about her duties as a woman? • What does Brabantio say about Desdemona decieving Othello? • Othello foreshadows his own death. What does he say? • How does Iago describe Othello in his soliloquy?

49. Act 1 Scene 3: Quotes Quiz • “Valiant Moor” • “How to respect you: you are lord of all my duty, I am hitherto your daughter; but here’s my husband” • “Look to her, Moor, if thou hast eyes to see, She has deceived her father, and may thee” • “My life upon her faith” • “The Moor is of a free and open nature That thinks men honest that but seem to be so and will as tenderly be led by the nose… As asses are”

50. Act 2 Scene 1 • Othello: “My soul hath her content so absolute, that not another comfort like to this succeeds in unknown fate.” • Iago: “That Cassio loves her, I do well believe it. That she loves him, tis apt and of great credit.” • Iago: :”Is of a constant, noble, loving nature, And I dare think he’ll prove to Desdeoma A most dear husband”