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Voyages of Discovery

Voyages of Discovery. 1405-1433: Chinese exploration of western Pacific. Voyages ended when they decided other societies had little to offer. European explorations focused on gaining wealth. 1480-1495: Chrisoforo Columbo (Columbus). Landed in Dominican Republic in 1492. .

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Voyages of Discovery

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  1. Voyages of Discovery • 1405-1433: Chinese exploration of western Pacific. Voyages ended when they decided other societies had little to offer. • European explorations focused on gaining wealth. • 1480-1495: ChrisoforoColumbo (Columbus). Landed in Dominican Republic in 1492. • 1500’s: Ferdinand Magellan. First person to circumnavigate the globe. • 1452-1512: Amerigo (sound familiar?) Vespucci. Mapped 6000 miles of South American Coast. • 1513: Ponce de Leon lands in Florida looking for the Fountain of Youth.

  2. Jamestown • 1607: Established the first British Colony in the New World. • Left England in December. Why not in summer? • Arrived in April and settled in May. • Primary goals were to make money. Hoping to find precious metals and a northwest passage.

  3. James Cook • 1768-1780 • British, Considered first scientific explorer of the oceans. • 3 Missions • 1. HMS Endeavor: Measure the distance from the sun to the earth using the transit of Venus. • 2. HMS Resolution: Find the southern continent (Australia) • 3. HMS Discovery: Find northern passage from Atlantic to Pacific • On last voyage, Cook lands in Hawaii and is beaten to death by locals when his crew started stealing things.

  4. HMS Challenger 1876 • First expedition dedicated to the study of oceans. • Major findings included: • First plot of currents and temperatures in oceans • Map of ocean sediments • Outline of main contours of ocean basins • Discovery of mid-atlantic ridge (baffled them) • Mariana Trench measured at 26,000 feet. Deepest point in ocean. • 4,717 new ocean life forms discovered. • Discovery of life at depths greater than 18,000 feet.

  5. Ocean Exploration Today • Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) • JOIDES Resolution • Woods Hole and Scripps oceanographic institutes • National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) • National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)

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