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Ways of Dealing with Ethical Issues in Psychological research. Objectives:- To identify ways that ethical problems have been dealt with. To compare Zimbardo and Reicher and Haslam studies in terms of how they dealt with ethics. Ways to deal with ethics.
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Ways of Dealing with Ethical Issues in Psychological research Objectives:- To identify ways that ethical problems have been dealt with. To compare Zimbardo and Reicher and Haslam studies in terms of how they dealt with ethics.
Ways to deal with ethics • BPS guidelines should be followed. • Ethical committee ensure this is done • Gather presumptive consent • Peer review of research before published • Thorough debriefing of pps • Checking during research as outcomes are not always anticipated e.gZimbardo • Availability of counselling after research • Stopping the process if problems occur
Two studies – same topic – different places, different times and different approach to ethics! • Zimbardo (1971) USA • Reicher and Haslam (2006) • Watch film and see if you can identify the main differences between the studies
Aim Reicher and Haslam (2006) • To provide data of the unfolding interactions between groups of unequal power and privilege • To analyse conditions that lead to individuals identifying with, accepting or challenging intergroup equalities • To examine the role of clinical, social, organisational and clinical factors in group behaviour • To develop practical ethical guidelines for social psychology experiments
Methodology • IVs: permeability of group boundaries, participants belief about the legitimacy of group divisions, participants belief about the possibility of change • DVs: Social variables, organisational variables, clinical variables measured by video and audio recordings, psychometric testing, daily saliva swabs • Selection Procedure: Participants were selected from psychometric tests, to reduce the 332 applicants to 15, who were the closely matched on personality variables into 3 groups of 5 and then random selection to decide roles • Guards were taken to a hotel and given free reign over rules, whereas prisoners were ‘arrested’ and moved in one at a time
Ethical considerations • The research study plan was submitted to the BPS ethics committee • There was a three-phase clinical, medical and background screening of participants • Two independent clinical psychologists monitored the study throughout • A paramedic was on constant standby • There were on-site security guards • There was a round-the-clock independent ethics committee