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Brendan Casey, Jim Strait, Sergei Nagaitsev Fermilab Wine & Cheese Seminar September 2, 2011

Intensity @ FNAL Now, LBNE, Project X. Brendan Casey, Jim Strait, Sergei Nagaitsev Fermilab Wine & Cheese Seminar September 2, 2011.

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Brendan Casey, Jim Strait, Sergei Nagaitsev Fermilab Wine & Cheese Seminar September 2, 2011

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  1. Intensity @ FNAL Now, LBNE, Project X Brendan Casey, Jim Strait, Sergei NagaitsevFermilab Wine & Cheese SeminarSeptember 2, 2011 • Special thanks to Sam Zeller, Joachim Kopp, Bob Tschirhart, Rob Plunkett, Boris Kayser, MilindDiwan, Gina Rameika Bob Zwaska, Mark Messier, Brian Rebel, Chris Polly, Ron Ray, Dave Christian, Alan Bross, Bob Bernstein

  2. Outline n m s N Program overview with a focus on Project X All experiments covered have 3 things in common • Very ambitious goals • Technically challenging • It is up to all of us to make them happen Jim will talk about the LBNE project • Including non-accelerator physics Sergei will talk about Project X Fermilab W&C 9/2/2011

  3. Goals 1016 GeV n p EDMs 104 TeV m K 102 TeV LHC 1TeV 10-20 eV Understand new TeV scale physics with the highest precision measurements • 104TeV sensitivity with muons and Kaons Probe the GUT scale • Neutrinos and proton decay Ground breaking, game changing discoveries • Charged lepton flavor violation • Neutrino CP Violation • Permanent electric dipole moments Core measurements • Understand anomalies in neutrino physics • Minerva, microBooNe, MIPP… • Nuclear physics • SeaQuest… Understand how accelerators can tackle global problems • Nuclear waste transmutation test facility Fermilab W&C 9/2/2011

  4. generations of physics around the world birth Mature concepts, international participation maturity childhood 2007: International steering group, workshops, P5 teenage Optimizing the program Fermilab W&C 9/2/2011

  5. Project X g-2, mEDM Short baseline n factory LBNE 2 MW @ 60-120 GeV Up to few hundred kW @ 8 GeV ~3 MW high duty factor @ 3 GeV Nearly all experiments at the same time! 1 GeV possible mNeN mEDM meg, eee m+e-m-e+ Rare isotopes, EDMs Nuclear energy and waste transmutation test facility K+ K0 Fermilab W&C 9/2/2011

  6. e m Muons Project X N N Fermilab W&C 9/2/2011

  7. Muon Program • New set of operators: Goal: • Discover charged lepton flavor violation • Understand the underlying symmetry breaking mechanism Tools: • Flavor conserving observables • g-2… • Flavor violating observables • mNeN, meg, meee, meem • CP violating observables • Electron and Muon EDMs Why Project X: • Greatest flexability of any planned muon source • Enough statistics to have a rich program beyond discovery Fermilab W&C 9/2/2011

  8. Pbar complex target ring Kick starting the program:The new g-2 experiment Follow up of BNL experiment but better: • Reuse the storage ring • 10x longer decay channel • Segmented calorimeters • Tracking • >20x statistics, >2x less systematics Coupled with a world wide program to interpret the measurement Fermilab W&C 9/2/2011

  9. BNL  FNAL Removed insulation Began disassembly It’s Happening! Loaded the truck Delivered to Cornell, FNAL, Regis Brendan Casey Chris Polly Kelly Hardin Leah Welty-Rieger Mandy Rominsky

  10. Discovering Lepton Flavor Violation • Best chance for an unambiguous, background free discovery is the mNeNprocess e m pe mm • Experimental advantage: • Monochromatic e above Michel endpoint N • Theoretical advantage: • unique sensitivity to several mechanisms of flavor violation • From Marciano: Fermilab W&C 9/2/2011

  11. Mu2e • Expectation for a SUSY inspired rate pe • Sensitivity with booster based experiment = 3 x 10-17 (104TeV) 104 MeV signal bkg Fermilab W&C 9/2/2011 Mu2e sensitivity: 3 x10-17 (LNP~104TeV)

  12. Discovering lepton flavor violation with Project X Build on the lessons learned from Mu2e • Sensitivity of • 3 x 10-19 • possible with • Project X Fermilab W&C 9/2/2011

  13. Conversion rate vrs target Z for mNeN Beyond Discovery • Once lepton flavor violation is discovered, Project X would allow a diverse , precision LFV program to disentangle underlying physics Vector current Ratio of meg / mNeN dipole Scalar current negative sign(m) positive sign(m) tanb SUSY: B(meg)  100 × B(meee) Little Higgs: B(meg)  B(meee) DF=2: m+e-e+m- Fermilab W&C 9/2/2011

  14. n s Kaons Project X n d Fermilab W&C 9/2/2011

  15. Kaon Program • Bryman, Marciano, Tschirhart, Yamanaka (2011) Goal: • Study new TeV physics discovered at the LHC, particularly couplings and symmetries that cant be studied at the LHC • Probe flavor dynamics well above the theTeV scale Tools: • Precision measurements of K+p +n nand K0p 0n n • Unique sensitivity due to small and well understood SM rate Why Project X: • Only planned machine that can deliver order 1000 event samples in both modes at the SM branching fraction Fermilab W&C 9/2/2011

  16. K+p+nn stopped K experiment n BNL E787 event display m e p n n K n n 1st 2nd 3rd generation at BNL = 7 event data sample Fermilab W&C 9/2/2011

  17. P996:K+p+nn Increased segmentation, improved readout, compared to BNL K + K + Proposal to construct the Project X detector. Depending on schedules, could take a first data run with beam from the Main Injector • First few hundred events Commissioned, day 1 detector ready for the Project X data sets • Thosuands of events Updated proposal will be presented to the PAC in November. Fermilab W&C 9/2/2011

  18. K0p0nn: vertex + veto g p0 momentum and decay position determined from kinematics and constraints K g pencil beam n n • Veto K0p0p0 and other backgrounds • pT(p0) • Technique demonstrated at KEK E391a: • K0p0nn < 6.7×10-8 @90% • PRL 100, 201802 (2008) • Vertex position Fermilab W&C 9/2/2011

  19. K0p0nn: time of flight Can define the time between the Kaon production and decay positions with a micro-bunched beam g p0 momentum and vertex from calorimeter K g n n • Veto K0p0p0 and other backgrounds Can then work in the Kaon COM frame Fermilab W&C 9/2/2011

  20. K0p0nn @ Project X Pico-bunches Pointing • Flexibility: optimal beam structure Pencil beam • Intensity: • Pencil beam 200 events per year possible with Project X Very large hole in understanding TeV scale without this measurement Fermilab W&C 9/2/2011

  21. s E w Project X EDMs Fermilab W&C 9/2/2011

  22. EDM program Ra Th Protons Rn Fr Goal • Discover EDMs or set the most stringent constraints Tools • The ideal atoms: • Nuclear EDM: • large octuple deformation • Electron EDM: • High Z alkali metals Why Project X • The ideal atoms have short lifetimes • The ISOL facility at Project X can produce greater than 1012 isotopes per second compared to ~108/s in reactors Fermilab W&C 9/2/2011

  23. Alkali metals with outer electron in S wave for electron EDMs Good atomic EDM candidates Octupole deformed nucleus for nuclear EDMs 211Fr 225Ra Dobaczewski, Engel PRL 94, 232502 (2005) ANL exp PRL 98, 093001 (2007) Order of magnitude sensitivity compared to Cs 2 to 3 orders of magnitude enhancement compared to Hg Fermilab W&C 9/2/2011

  24. e nm Neutrinos Project X m ne Fermilab W&C 9/2/2011

  25. Neutrino Program Project X Power (kW) Booster based Energy (GeV) Goal: • Discover new source of CP violation and new flavor symmetries • Understand neutrinos to maximize their potential as a tool of science • Precision physics through neutrino interferometry Tools: • Large detectors • Well defined initial state • variable L/E Why Project X: • 10 years with Project X = 30 years without Project X Fermilab W&C 9/2/2011

  26. Interferometry ne,m,t n3 n2 nm n1 q13 Mass hierarchy and CPV nm deficit ne excess New ultra weak interaction Precision q23 Fermilab W&C 9/2/2011 nm spectrum

  27. LBNE 3s To get from here to here is 10 years with Project X and 30 years without Project X 3 s contours @ 700 kW  5 s contours @ 2.3 MW Grateful acknowledgment to Sam Zeller, Joachim Kopp, and Boris Kyserfor help with this section Fermilab W&C 9/2/2011

  28. Expanded Short Baseline Program https://indico.fnal.gov/event/sbnw2011 nS Minerva X ~1 year G. Mention Lianyan Zhu 1 km Very Low Energy Neutrino Factory A. Bross, NuFact’11 60 m Fermilab W&C 9/2/2011

  29. Discoveries, precision measurements, Large # of thesis topics Low mass tracking, ultra precise calorimetry, large area PMTs, LAr… Physics detectors Opportunities Project X accelerators DAQ SCRF, cold m and n, n factories, m colliders, ADS, transmutation… compact front end, digitize everything, store everything… Fermilab W&C 9/2/2011

  30. Opportunities DOE Office of Science sponsored workshop Intensity frontier physics What can be done with current facilities? What are the requirements of future facilities? A mini Snowmass for the intensity frontier Fermilab W&C 9/2/2011

  31. The time to join is now! + n P996: K+p+nn m • Im s N Fermilab W&C 9/2/2011

  32. Conclusions n We have an exciting future! Very ambitious, technically challenging, it is up to us to make it happen. m s N Fermilab W&C 9/2/2011

  33. Backup Fermilab W&C 9/2/2011

  34. m + Dimuons from Drell-Yan Core nuclear physics m - u q from sea in target q from MI proton u Project X Nuclear facility u Fermilab W&C 9/2/2011

  35. Understanding neutrinos Signal production Backgrounds Fermilab W&C 9/2/2011

  36. Expanded 8 GeV program Want high stats at low E to cover 2nd max (why we have WBB) https://indico.fnal.gov/event/sbnw2011 nS G. Mention Want high power, short baseline to cover this Low energy m storage ring for this A. Bross, NuFact’11 Upgraded power at 8 GeV for high low E rate Fermilab W&C 9/2/2011

  37. Interferometry I: NoVA inverted q13 = 15 ne q13 = 10 (T2K) normal ne Ash River site construction completed 6/4/2011 q13 = 5 M. Messier Taking data in the near, on surface detector NOW! Fermilab W&C 9/2/2011

  38. Interferometry II: MINOS+ Look for effects away from the oscillation maxima Example Interference with sterile neutrinos propagating in extra dimensions Machado, Nunokawa, Funchal PRD 84, 013003 (2011) Points: MINOS now Blue band: MINOS plus Fermilab W&C 9/2/2011

  39. Neutrinos: Evolution towards Project X n SM: Pattern of neutrino masses and mixings • Long baseline experiments: MINOSNOvALBNE Beyond n SM: Explore cracks in our understanding: sterile neutrinos? Anomalous interactions? • Short baseline experiments: MiniBooNEMicroBooNEexperiments with Project X (8 GeV and/or 3 GeV) • Long baseline experiments: MINOSMINOS+ NOvALBNE Neutrino physics measurements as a probe of nuclear structure and support of oscillation experiments • Dedicated experiment: MINERvA P.Oddone, Project X Accelerator and Physics, LP2011, Mumbai

  40. Other Kaon measurements Plus many more Enormous data sets + multipurpose detectors = lots of physics Fermilab W&C 9/2/2011

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