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UNDERSTANDING AND MANAGING SWEETNESS CONFERENCE

UNDERSTANDING AND MANAGING SWEETNESS CONFERENCE September 17, 2009, Taj Mahal Hotel, New Delhi, India All Calories Count — Why Manage Calorie Balance. John P. Foreyt, Ph.D. Baylor College of Medicine Houston, TX. Sweetness, Obesity & Health.

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UNDERSTANDING AND MANAGING SWEETNESS CONFERENCE

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  1. UNDERSTANDING AND MANAGING SWEETNESS CONFERENCE September 17, 2009, Taj Mahal Hotel, New Delhi, India All Calories Count — Why Manage Calorie Balance John P. Foreyt, Ph.D. Baylor College of Medicine Houston, TX

  2. Sweetness, Obesity & Health • Public health officials worldwide are frustrated that consumers do not follow dietary guidelines to promote good health • Private health practitioners and providers have similar frustrations • Governments predict steep increases in the rates of chronic diseases, putting serious strains on the world’s healthcare systems and on national budgets

  3. PREVALENCE (%) OF OVERWEIGHT (BMI > 25) AMONG ADULTS MALEFEMALE UNITED STATES 71 62 AUSTRALIA 68 52 NEW ZEALAND 62 50 ENGLAND 65 56 GERMANY 75 59 IOTF Website 2005; Ogden et al, JAMA 2006

  4. PREVALENCE (%) OF OVERWEIGHT (BMI > 25) AMONG ADULTS MALEFEMALE FINLAND 68 52 ICELAND 64 54 SWEDEN 51 42 IOTF Website, Updated March 16, 2005

  5. PREVALENCE (%) OF OVERWEIGHT (BMI > 25) AMONG ADULTS MALEFEMALE CROATIA 79 50 CZECH REPUBLIC 73 58 HUNGARY 63 49 IOTF Website, Updated March 16, 2005

  6. PREVALENCE (%) OF OVERWEIGHT (BMI > 25) AMONG ADULTS MALEFEMALE MEXICO 67 72 ARGENTINA 67 55 CHILE 60 60 BRAZIL 38 39

  7. PREVALENCE OF OVERWEIGHT & OBESITY IN BEIJING CHINESE MEN (1998) Overweight (%) Obese (%) (BMI > 24-27.9) (BMI > 28) Beijing • Workers 51 7 • Farmers 50 8 • Urban Residents 52 7 Wu et al, 2002

  8. PACIFIC ISLANDERS ARE THE MOST OBESE (BMI > 30)IN THE WORLD • 70% Tongan Women Obese • 63% Samoan Women Obese • 79% Nauru Women Obese IOTF Website, Updated March 16, 2005

  9. PREVALENCE (%) OF OVERWEIGHT (BMI>25) AMONG U.S. ADULTS % 19801 46.0 19901 56.0 20001 64.5 20102 73.5 20202 82.5 20302 91.5 20402 100.0 1Flegalet al.,JAMA, 2002; 2Foreyt Projected 2006

  10. PREVALENCE (%) OF OBESITY (BMI>30) AMONG U.S. ADULTS % 1980 14.4 20001 30.5 20202 46.5 20402 62.5 20602 78.5 20802 94.5 21002 100.0 1Flegalet al.,JAMA, 2002; 2Foreyt Projected 2006

  11. HEALTH RISKS OF OBESITY For every increase of 2 BMI units the relative risk of: • CHD ↑ 14% • Stroke ↑ 4% • Ischemic Stroke ↑ 16%

  12. PREVALENCE OF OVERWEIGHT & OBESITY IN U.S. CHILDREN (AGES 6-11) • 30.3% Overweight • 15.3% Obese • Obesity has quadrupled over 25 years • African American, Hispanic American & Native American children have highest obesity prevalence American Obesity Association, 2005

  13. ESTIMATES OF PREVALENCE OF DIABETES IN 2000 & 2010 (IN MILLIONS OF CASES) 2000 2010 Increase (%) Asia 84 132 57 North America 14 17 23 Europe 26 32 24 South America 16 22 44 Africa 9 14 50 World Average 151 221 46 Eckel et al, Circulation 2004

  14. FINNISH DIABETES PREVENTION STUDY • Design: • 522 middle-aged overweight (BMI 31) • 172 men and 350 women • Mean duration 3.2 years • Intervention Group: Individualized counseling • Reducing weight, total intake of fat and saturated fat • Increasing uptake of fiber, physical activity • Tuomilehto J. et al., NEJM, 2001; 344: 1343-1350

  15. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 Finnish Diabetes Prevention Trial Modest, sustained reduction reduced morbidity 1.0 Intervention group 0.9 Wt change -4.7+5.4% 0.8 Cumulative Probability of Remaining Free of Diabetes 0.7 Control group 0.6 Wt change – 0.9 + 4.2% 0.5 0.4 Study Year Adapted from Tuomilehto J, et al. NEJM 2001; 344: 1343-50

  16. DIABETES PREVENTION PROGRAM INCIDENCE OF DIABETES Lifestyle = 7% weight loss, 150 min physical activity/week Diabetes Prevention Program. NEJM, 2002; 346: 393-403

  17. Big Texan Steak RanchAmarillo, Texas 72-oz Steak FREE if eaten within 1 hour

  18. Sweetness, Obesity & Health • Global concern regarding increase in obesity & obesity-related diseases • Critics have singled out sugar & sweetness as primary suspects for obesity & obesity-related diseases • Scientific evidence does not support “single culprit” theory

  19. Sweetness, Obesity & Health • The “culprit” is an excess of calories • There is a need to understand the “calorie equation” • If calories in exceed calories burned off, excess becomes body fat, & weight goes up

  20. Sweetness, Obesity & Health • In studying diets of obese people, scientists have not determined that any specific food or beverage is the root cause of obesity • A well-balanced diet is the key • According to the American Dietetic Association, all food and beverages can be a part of a well-balanced diet

  21. Sweetness, Obesity & Health • In 2004, scientists and researchers met to develop a scientific consensus statement about sweetness & health • They introduced the concept of managing sweetness to teach the calorie equation • They encourage consumers to incorporate it into their daily lives so they can enjoy the pleasures of the table, but do so wisely

  22. Sweetness, Obesity & Health • The conference was entitled “Scientific Straight Talk on Sweetness & Health: Managing Sweetness Conference” • Organized by Oldways Preservation Trust, Boston, USA • Held in Mexico City, Mexico

  23. Sweetness, Obesity & Health • In 2006, scientists and researchers met in Brussels, Belgium at the EU to update the scientific research on managing sweetness since 2004

  24. Sweetness, Obesity & Health • In 2007, Oldways and scientists presented Managing Sweetness to health professionals, scientists and media in four Latin American countries (Brazil, Chile, Argentina and Mexico)

  25. Sweetness, Obesity & Health • In 2008, scientists and researchers met in Beijing, China and Istanbul, Turkey to update the scientific research on managing sweetness since 2006. • In 2009, scientists met in Bangkok to review the scientific research on managing sweetness. • And now in New Delhi, India -- scientists are meeting to update the consensus statement on sweetness.

  26. Sweetness, Obesity & Health Conference Summary • Research results indicate that individuals can incorporate sugars and sweeteners into a healthy eating plan and meet guidelines for healthful diets • There is no credible evidence that total sugar intake is associated with the development of type 2 diabetes

  27. Sweetness, Obesity & HealthConference Summary • Children are born with a liking for sweet taste • It is important for parents to learn to manage, not banish, sweet foods

  28. Sweetness, Obesity & Health Conference Summary • Research suggests banishing favorite foods, like sweets, can lessen a child's ability to control intake of these foods when not under supervision • Research has shown sugar in food and beverages does not cause hyperactivity in children • All foods and beverages can be part of a healthy diet

  29. Sweetness, Obesity & Health Conference Summary • Carbohydrates in food and beverage, including sparkling beverages, provide energy for daily activities • There is no need to give up favorite foods • Consumption in moderation with an active lifestyle is the key to weight management • A balanced diet is the key

  30. Sweetness, Obesity & Health Conference Summary • The achievement and maintenance of good health depends on the wise management of the energy from all food and beverage sources, along with a habit of regular physical activity • Sweet foods and beverages can compliment a balanced diet, regular physical activity, and other healthy lifestyle choices

  31. Sweetness, Obesity & HealthConclusions • Managing sweetness involves reconciling our innate taste preferences with the realities of our modern life and food supply • All foods and beverages can be part of a healthy lifestyle

  32. NATURE VS. NURTURE “The Current Epidemics of Chronic Diseases are a Result of Discordance Between Our Ancient Genes and Modern Lifestyle.” Eaton et al., The Paleolithic Prescription. 1988.

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