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Congressman v. MP. Legislation & Party Discipline. The Government (Prime Minister and Cabinet) develop public policy. Rely on support of a majority of MPs. Commons: strict party discipline MP Alan Keen (“Parliament and Congress”) deviated 14 times in 1,772 votes THREE LINE WHIP:
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Legislation & Party Discipline • The Government (Prime Minister and Cabinet) develop public policy. • Rely on support of a majority of MPs. • Commons: strict party discipline • MP Alan Keen (“Parliament and Congress”) • deviated 14 times in 1,772 votes • THREE LINE WHIP: • Bill underlined 3 times • No dissent allowed
Vote of No Confidence • Government must retain the “confidence” of a majority of Commons. • If a majority of MPs vote “no confidence,” the government: • Must Resign • New Prime Minister and Cabinet (same party). • Must dissolve Parliament (call for election) if 14 days passes without a new government (Prime Minister & Cabinet). • 4 Times since 1895.
1979 Vote of No Confidence • Ended Labour Government under Callaghan. • Vote Total: 311-310 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Votes_by_party_in_the_1979_vote_of_no_confidence_against_the_government_of_James_Callaghan.png Screen clipping taken: 10/31/2011, 4:00 PM
Dissolution of Government • Historically: Prime Minister must call elections within 5 years
Fixed Term Parliament Act, 2011 • General elections will be held in May every 5 years. • Unless a Vote of No Confidence is passed. • Prime Minister can no longer call elections.