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Child Health and Development

Child Health and Development. Why to learn Paediatrics? To reduce significantly mortality and morbidity associated with major causes of diseases in children. To contribute to healthy growth and development of children. . Medical Education. Goal Departmental objectives Specific objectives

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Child Health and Development

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  1. Child Health and Development • Why to learn Paediatrics? To reduce significantly mortality and morbidity associated with major causes of diseases in children. To contribute to healthy growth and development of children.

  2. Medical Education Goal Departmental objectives Specific objectives Teaching Learning objectives Evaluation Care delivery place Level of entry students Resources Evidences Population Disease pattern Morbidity Mortality Socio-economic Status Education Tradition and Beliefs

  3. Usefulness of Medical Information Relevance X Validity Work Adapted from : Slawson et al; J.Fam. Pract. 1994;38:505-513

  4. Population Pyramid of Nepal

  5. Population Pyramid of Nepal

  6. Pattern of Diseases in Children • Age group dependent Neonatal age group Prematurity Birth asphyxia Sepsis Hypothermia Congenital conditions

  7. Pattern of Diseases in Children • Age group dependent Under 5 age group Respiratory infections Diarrhoeal diseases Malnutrition Measles Skin infections Ear infections

  8. Pattern of disease in children • Age group dependent • School age group • Tonsillitis • Rheumatic fever • Glomerulonephritis • Worm infestations • Accidents

  9. Pattern of disease in children • Age group dependent • Adolescent age group • Behavioral problems • Substance abuse • Inappropriate sexual behavior • Acne • Anorexia nervosa

  10. Child Survival IndicatorsVaccination Coverage • Infant Mortality Rate 74 1999 BUC • Neonatal Mortality 49 1996 FHS • Under 5 Mortality Rate 106 1999 BUC • Vaccination Coverage (%) • BCG 96% 1997 WHO • DPT3/Polio 78% 1997 WHO • Measles 85% 1997 WHO • DPT drop out 31% 1996 WHO

  11. Child Survival IndicatorsORT, ARI & Nutrition • ORT use rate 49% 1996 DHS • Children with ARI taken to health facility 18% 1996 DHS • Under weight 59% 1996 DHS • Stunted 64% 1996 DHS • Wasted 21% 1996 DHS

  12. Pattern of Disease in a Paediatric Inpatient • Pneumonia 41.5% • Acute Gastroenteritis 8.9% • Asthma 5.0% • Protein-Energy Malnutrition 4.2% • Tuberculosis 3.4% Source Patan Hospital , 2056-2057

  13. Pattern of Admission in a Neonatal Unit • Most of the admission are after one week of age. • 13.3 % death in the unit. • Most of these deaths are due to late arrival • 2057 KCH

  14. Global Burden of Diseases in Children

  15. Interventions Available for Improving the Child Health

  16. Interventions Included in the Integrated Management of Childhood Illnesses

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