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What’s the Term? #1. A formal college for higher instruction in the teachings of Islam as well as in religious law, grammar, rhetoric, and other subjects. Madrassas were established throughout the Islamic world beginning in the eleventh century. Often founded by a wealthy Muslim as a demonstration of his piety and charity, the madrassa was a key feature of Islamic education.
madrassa #1. A formal college for higher instruction in the teachings of Islam as well as in religious law, grammar, rhetoric, and other subjects. Madrassas were established throughout the Islamic world beginning in the eleventh century. Often founded by a wealthy Muslim as a demonstration of his piety and charity, the madrassa was a key feature of Islamic education.
What’s the Term? #2. The popular development of Buddhism, beginning around 100 C.E. More than did traditional (Theravada) Buddhism, it viewed the Buddha as a divine figure, emphasized the power of the supernatural, and stressed the potential for laypersons to achieve enlightenment through the aid of various buddhas and bodhisattvas.
Mahayana Buddhism #2. The popular development of Buddhism, beginning around 100 C.E. More than did traditional (Theravada) Buddhism, it viewed the Buddha as a divine figure, emphasized the power of the supernatural, and stressed the potential for laypersons to achieve enlightenment through the aid of various buddhas and bodhisattvas.
What’s the Term? #3. An infectious disease spread my mosquitoes, usually contracted in tropical areas with standing pools of water. The disease was frequently fatal for European colonizers, who did not have the natural immunity of Africans and native peoples of the Americas.
malaria #3. An infectious disease spread my mosquitoes, usually contracted in tropical areas with standing pools of water. The disease was frequently fatal for European colonizers, who did not have the natural immunity of Africans and native peoples of the Americas.
What’s the Term? #4. A slave soldier , originally of Turkish origin, recruited to serve in the army of Turkish sultans and employed to stave off power struggles. Mamluks were well paid, and many later gained high positions at the courts of the rulers they defended. They took control of Egypt from 1250 to 1517 and staffed their own armies with unconverted Turkish or Christian slaves.
mamluk #4. A slave soldier , originally of Turkish origin, recruited to serve in the army of Turkish sultans and employed to stave off power struggles. Mamluks were well paid, and many later gained high positions at the courts of the rulers they defended. They took control of Egypt from 1250 to 1517 and staffed their own armies with unconverted Turkish or Christian slaves.
What’s the Term? #5. The Chinese theory that Heaven gives the emperor a mandate to rule only as long as he does so in the interests of the people. An emperor in ancient China was known as the Son of Heaven and wielded symbols of kingship believed to have been sent to Earth when the gods established monarchy.
Mandate of Heaven #5. The Chinese theory that Heaven gives the emperor a mandate to rule only as long as he does so in the interests of the people. An emperor in ancient China was known as the Son of Heaven and wielded symbols of kingship believed to have been sent to Earth when the gods established monarchy.
What’s the Term? #6. The League of Nations covenant that granted the victors of World War I (1914-1918) in its membership—chiefly Britain and France, as well as South Africa, New Zealand, Australia, and Japan—political control over German’s former colonies, such as Togo, Cameroon, Syria, and Palestine. It continued the practice of carving up the globe into territories controlled by various European powers at a time when many of those countries were themselves weak and bankrupt. The mandate system aroused anger and resistance both in the territories themselves and among German citizens.
Mandate system #6. The League of Nations covenant that granted the victors of World War I (1914-1918) in its membership—chiefly Britain and France, as well as South Africa, New Zealand, Australia, and Japan—political control over German’s former colonies, such as Togo, Cameroon, Syria, and Palestine. It continued the practice of carving up the globe into territories controlled by various European powers at a time when many of those countries were themselves weak and bankrupt. The mandate system aroused anger and resistance both in the territories themselves and among German citizens.
What’s the Term? #7) A religious tradition founded in third-century Persia that combined elements of Zoroastrianism, Christianity, and Buddhism.
Manichaeism #7) A religious tradition founded in third-century Persia that combined elements of Zoroastrianism, Christianity, and Buddhism.
