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Properties of Metals

Properties of Metals. The Basics. Brittleness. A property of a metal that does not allow movement of material or distortion before it will break. . Tensile Strength. A measurement of how much a metal can stretch before breaking or failing. Toughness.

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Properties of Metals

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  1. Properties of Metals The Basics

  2. Brittleness • A property of a metal that does not allow movement of material or distortion before it will break.

  3. Tensile Strength • A measurement of how much a metal can stretch before breaking or failing.

  4. Toughness • A property required for many tools, as it allows materials to withstand impacts without breaking or chipping.

  5. Hardness • A material’s resistance to permanent deformation after facing a force exerted by another object.

  6. Malleability • A property that allows materials to be continuously reshaped and formed without breaking.

  7. Ductility • A property that allows materials to be easily formed after experiencing a force via another object.

  8. Elasticity • A material’s ability to return to its original shape after a force acting upon it has been removed.

  9. Hardening • A process in which metals increase their resistance to penetration by an object imposing a force upon them. • Hardening can be achieved by cold working or most commonly by heating a material by various means to a given temperature and rapidly cooling it to form a finer internal grain structure.

  10. Tempering • A process of heat treating, which is used to increase the toughness of iron-based alloys. • Tempering is usually performed after hardening, to reduce some of the excess hardness, and is done by heating the metal to a much lower temperature than was used for hardening. • The exact temperature determines the amount of hardness removed, and depends on both the specific composition of the alloy and on the desired properties in the finished product

  11. Annealing • A heat treatment wherein a material is altered, causing changes in its properties such as hardness and ductility • Annealing is used to induce ductility, soften material, relieve internal stresses, refine the structure by making it homogeneous and improve cold working properties.

  12. Annealing Cont’d….(Normalizing) • An annealing process in which a metal is cooled in air after heating in order to relieve stress. • It is used to refine grains which have been deformed through cold work, and can improve ductility and toughness of the steel.

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