1980’s

1. 1980’s

2. Introduction • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IkB2-5ic7S8 • 1:18 to 2:15

3. People • Jimmy Carter- • January 20, 1977 - January 20, 1981 • Americans frustrated with him due to his inability to solve the nations domestic crisis • Served only one term • George H. W. Bush • January 20, 1989 - January 20, 1993 • Exxon Oil Spill • Sandra Day O’Connor • First women to become a supreme court justice. • Was voted in on September 25, 1981 • Served for two decades

4. Reagan • January 20, 1981 - January 20, 1989 • Reagan had beat out Carter in the 1980 Election • Economic plan-Reaganomics

5. Reaganomics • What is Reaganomics? • This economic theory was based upon supply-side economics. This, like the "trickle- down" approach, lowers the taxes of the people believing it would spark economic growth. Supporters believed by the increase in savings consumers would investment more in businesses, therefore creating more jobs and increasing spending.

6. Reaganomics • Three Year Plan • This economic plan called for a 10% tax cuts but was agreed on 5% for the first year and 10% the next twp • Economic revival did not occurred after a year with 1982 unemployment reaching 9%, bankruptcies and interest rates rising • 1983 and 1984 GNP rose and unemployment and interest rates went down.

7. Reaganomics • Was not a success • Did stimulate the economy but national debt increased drastically • The gap between the rich and the poor increased • Federal spending for military rose to 195 billion • Reagan's Second Term • Two problems • Trade deficit- more imports by 41% and exports decreasing • Budget deficits • Iran Contra Affair

8. Iran-Contra Affair • Biggest White House scandal since Watergate. • U.S. was bargaining with Iran to release U.S. hostages in the Middle East. • Bargain included 500 anti-tank missiles to Iran. • Money from the bargain went towards weapons and supplies for the Contras. • This deal was unapproved by Congress.

9. The Trials of the Affair • Info would leak about the deal in 1986. • In 1987, the House and the Senate would investigate the affair. • Lieutenant Colonel Oliver North said that he and secretary Fawn Hall destroyed the documents. • Senator Daniel Inouye countered North’s claim by saying he was just following orders. • In 1988, criminal charges would be filed against North and Admiral John Poindexter (Reagan’s National Security Advisor). • Major black mark on Reagan’s legacy.

10. Reagan and The Soviet Union • Before Reagan took office, the relations between the Soviet Union and United States had slowed down because of the Soviet Union’s 1979 invasion of Afghanistan • Reagan had previously warned the Soviets to not invade Poland and called for new trade restrictions against the Soviets. • Tensions flared again in 1983. On September 1, the Soviet Union shot down a Korean Commercial airliner over Soviet airspace. All 269 passengers, including many Americans were killed. • The Soviets tried to claim that the Korean Commercial was a spy plane. • The United States placed nuclear missiles in Great Britain and Germany later that year, causing the Soviets to walk out of arms-control talks.

11. Collapse of Soviet Union and The End of The Cold War • In 1985, Mikhail Gorbachev, last leader of the Soviet Union, rose to power while the nation was facing severe stagnation and economic decline. • Gorbachev introduced a policy of reform: • Freedom of speech (Soviets used to unleash their pent up emotions and political feelings) • Economic reform (did not have immediate outcomes)

12. Collapse of Soviet Union and The End of The Cold War • On December 25, 1991, Gorbachev resigned and the Soviet Union was broken up into fifteen separate countries. • The collapse of the Soviet Union ended the Cold War, which had been going on between the United States and Soviet Union since the end of World War II.

13. 1980s Olympics and The Cold War • In 1980, the United States led a 61-nation boycott of the Summer Olympics held in Moscow. • On February 14,1979, Muslim extremists kidnapped Adolph “Spike” Dubs, the ambassador to Afghanistan. • The boycott of the Summer games was because of the Soviets invasion of Afghanistan. • 80 nations participated in the Summer games, the smallest number since 1956.

14. 1980’s Sports • Michael Jordan • 1980 U.S.A Olympic Hockey Team • Jerry Rice • Magic Johnson • Larry Bird

15. Television of the 80’s

16. The Cosby Show • One of the most popular sitcoms of the 80’s. • Broke TV racial barriers. CLIP • The Cosby Family was affluent and happy which was different from what African-Americans used to be portrayed as.

17. Ran for 11 seasons starting in 1982. • Took place in the fictional bar “Cheers”. • It was about a group of locales who drink, chat, and have fun in the bar.

18. Oprah • The Oprah Winfrey Show first aired in 1986. • Her daytime talk show was a big success. • Her guests often talked about controversial topics that touched a lot of viewers. • Highest rated talk show in U.S. history. • Show continued until the final episode in 2011.

19. Began broadcasting in August 1981. • Young people could watch rock music videos around the clock. • Made in response to the new trends in Music. (Including Dance Styles) • First Video to be broadcasted was “Video Killed the Radio Star” by the Buggles.

20. Music of the 80’s

21. Michael Jackson • The “King of Pop”. • His trademark would be his flashy clothes and dance moves. (The Moonwalk) • His hit album “Thriller” sold 40 million copies and is still one of the most successful albums. • “Michaelmania” -> People wanted to have a bunch of things with his face on them.

22. Break Dancing and Rap • Both inspired by Hip-Hop • Rap was a form of poetry set to a rhythm. • Gave African-Americans a way of expressing themselves and how they lived in the ghetto. • Famous rappers of the 80’s: Grandmaster Flash, Queen Latifah, Salt ‘n’ Pepa, Tone-Loc, LL Cool J, and Ice T.

23. Bruce Springsteen • Known as the “Boss” with his back-up band called the “E Street Band”. • “Born in the U.S.A.” released in 1984. • His lyrics express the hardships and the fun of living in the U.S. • Very influential and inducted into the Rock ‘n’ Roll Hall of Fame in 1999.

24. Fashion • Power Dressing • Wide shoulder or complete suit • Made popular by characters from TV dramas such as Dynasty and Dallas. • Women wanted to show that they can be anyone they chose to be.

25. Fashion • Women’s Fashion • Men’s Fashion • Off-Shoulder Shirts • Sweater on Waist • Neon/Colorful Colors • Thick Belts • Long T-Shirts • Mini Skirts • Leg Warmers • Rock Band Shirts • Black & Neon • Jean/Leather Jackets With Chains • Leather Pants • Rolled Sleeves • Sleeveless Shirts

26. Fads • Collectibles • Smurf • Cabbage Patch Dolls • Video Games (Nintendo, Pac Man) • Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (TMNT) • Rubik’s Cube

27. Fads • Aerobics • People wanted to get in shape. • Made spandex, headbands, unitards, leg warmers, and sweatpants popular. • Nike • Became public after attaining a 50% market share in the U.S. athletic shoe market. • Expanded its product line throughout the world. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xRsmVElC2ys

28. Internet • Personal computers became widely available and affordable, which led the rapid growth of Internet. • Internet was used as a link to share information and made many things popular through advertisements. • Inventions & Discoveries

29. Spacecrafts • Columbia Spacecraft • Launched on April 12, 1981 at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center. • Became the nation’s first reusable Space Shuttle. • Challenger Explosion

30. Historic Events • Challenger Explosion- January 28, 1986 • Explosion sent fragments, two solid rocket boosters and a cabin full of flight crew 73 seconds into the mission • With NASA making extreme advancements, this explosion was a large set back. • Other satellite missions were cancelled • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j4JOjcDFtBE

31. Exxon Valdez Oil Spill • More than10 million barrels of oil were spilled in Alaska’s Prince William Sound • The amount spilled during the 10 hours was never precisely determined • Killed wildlife and crippled the local salmon and fishing industries • Oil was heading for California and was considered one of the United States’ worst environmental disasters • Created new laws and restrictions to avoid future spills