GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION OF MEMBER STATES

1. The Arab Atomic Energy Agency Role in Promoting Nuclear Energy in Arab Countries Arab Atomic Energy Agency

2. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION OF MEMBER STATES 22 member states in LAS African Countries: Egypt Libya Sudan Mauritania Morocco Tunisia Algeria Comoros Djibouti Somalia Gulf Countries: Bahrain KSA Kuwait Oman Qatar UAE Asian Arab Countries : Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon , Palestine, Syria, Yemen,

3. The Arab Atomic Energy Agency (AAEA) A technical organization working under the auspices of the League of Arab States, Established in 1989. Deals with the peaceful uses of atomic energy and the development of nuclear sciences and their technological applications in the Arab world. 15 Arab member states

4. AAEA GOALS AND ROLE To help the Arab countries meet the challenge of establishing nuclear power plants

5. AAEA GOALS AND ROLE To coordinate nuclear activities among member states in the field of peaceful applications of atomic energy,

6. AAEA GOALS AND ROLE To provide assistance in research activities, manpower development, and technical and scientific information,

7. AAEA GOALS AND ROLE To assist in setting up harmonized regulations for the safety and security of radioactive materials,

8. AAEA GOALS AND ROLE To coordinate scientific and technical activities with the concerned regional and international organizations for the benefit of the socio-economic development in the Arab nation,

9. AAEA GOALS AND ROLE To encourage and assist the Arab scientists in the field of nuclear sciences and technologies to attend relevant Arab and International conferences.

10. NUCLEAR RENAISSANCE The renaissance of nuclear power around the world led many Arab countries to declare their intention to adopt nuclear energy for electricity generation and sea water desalination and have expressed interest in embarking for the first time on nuclear power programmes.

11. FACTS Global energy demand expected to double by 2050. World Energy Council Global oil demand is expected to rise to about 115 million barrels a day by 2030. New York Times By 2030, greenhouse gas emissions will rise to 42 billion tons from 27 billion in 2005. International Energy Agency

12. FACTS recent developments in the SMR industry such as: - DOE’s (USA) funding announcement, and - KAERI’s (South Korea) SMART reactor being awarded the first licensed integral reactor both signal the strongest commitment towards commercial deployment

13. QUOTES Nuclear power remains the best known peaceful application of nuclear energy. Despite the Fukushima Daiichi accident of March 2011, it is clear that nuclear energy will remain an important option for many countries Director General of the IAEAYukiya Amano

14. FACTS Nordhaus and Shellenberger, co-founders of the Breakthrough Institute in Oakland, Calif. Finnish’s cost of building and operating the nuclear plant over the next 20 years will be $15 billion. Will produce 225 terawatt-hours (twh) of electricity at a cost of 7 cents per kwh Germany’s solar installations are expected to generate 400 twhelectricity over the 20 years that the panels will receive the subsidy, at a total cost to German ratepayers of $130 billion, or 32 cents per kwh. CONCLUSION Solar electricity in Germany will cost almost five times more for every kilowatt hour of electricity it provides than Finland's new nuclear plant. Over its 60-year lifetime Finnish’s plant will produce power at a cost of about 4 cents per kwh, while Germany's solar panels will produce electricity at a cost of 16 cents per kwh.

15. FACTS The only nations in the world that have achieved emissions reductions at a pace and scale that begins to approach what will be necessary to mitigate global warming are France and Sweden. Both did so by switching to nuclear energy. France shifted over 80% of its electricity to nuclear in about two decades. Renewable energy, despite decades of public subsidies, can make no such claim.

16. Current nuclearactivities andfacilities in Arab countries • Arab countries are at different stages of development and capabilities, in general; Facilities: • Have nuclear and irradiation facilities for different purposes: • Equipments for radiotherapy & nuclear medicine, • Ion and electron beam accelerators for fundamental research, elemental analysis, radioisotope production,…….applications, • Gamma irradiators, neutron sources, • radioactive waste management facilities (storage and disposal), • research reactors.

17. Research Reactors in ACs

18. Most of the research reactor facilities are not being fully utilized, • Arab Technical Cooperation RRs Programmes should be of long-term. • Countries not having a RR can benefit from AAEA activities on RRs. • RRs are used as a tool for experience gaining toward NPP infrastructure development

19. AAEA ACTIVITIES AAEA undertook activities using RRs for the development of manpower needed for nuclear power programmes such as; Group training courses, on –the -job training, scientific visits, scientific and expert meetings. The topics were: • Research reactors: design, operation and applications • Reactor safety and security systems • Radiation protection, regulations and legislations • Emergency planning, waste management, monitoring, early warning. • Modeling of nuclear accidents and their effects in the environment and public health • Workshops and conferences about nuclear reactors for public and decision makers.

20. Arab Strategy for Utilisation of Peacefull Nuclear Technologies • Recently AAEA developed with member states “The Arab Strategy for Peaceful use of Atomic Energy up to 2020” Approved by the Arab summit, • A ten year programme up to 2020 has been developed by Arab experts touching all fields of nuclear applications including nuclear power, • AAEA mandate is to assist Arab states to develop their nuclear infrastructure and act as coordinator between member states to foster exchange of experiences. • Many Arab countries have expressed their interest in adopting nuclear energy for electricity generation and sea water desalination and sought IAEA assistance.

21. AAEA Action plan for NPP Support As part of implementing “Arab Strategy for Peaceful use of Atomic Energy up to 2020”, AAEA experts proposed an action plan as follows: • Strengthening the regulatory and legislative frameworks for nuclear and radiation activities in Arab countries • Strengthening the Arab and national capabilities for response to nuclear and radiation emergency • Building capacity of radioactive waste management in Arab countries • Enhancement of infrastructure for NPP building in Arab countries; energy planning and feasibility study as a first stage • Introduction of nuclear sciences and technologies in Arab education systems

22. ANNuR • Sharing knowledge, best practices and lessons learned related to NPP matters • Establishing, developing and sustaining a national regulatory bodies in relation to nuclear safety, and security framework based on the international instruments and the IAEA Nuclear Safety & Security Standards and Guidelines. In light of the above, a network was established under the auspices of AAEA. It is the Arab Network for Nuclear Regulators (ANNuR)

23. ANNuR OBJECTIVES (1) • To enhance, strengthen and harmonize the regulatory infrastructure among ACs; • To provide mechanisms for ANNuR to be an effective and efficient internationally recognized network for exchange of regulatory experiences and practices among the nuclear regulatory bodies in Arab states. • To Interact positively with other international & regional networks as well as GNSSR

24. ANNuR NETWORK Jordan UAE Yemen Mauritania Bahrain International, Regional Networks and Organisations Morocco Tunisia IAEA www.annur.org Algeria Egypt • International S&S conventions, standards, guides, Codes of conducts and programs • All relevant IAEA docs, Arabic, English, French • Feed back from RBs KSA • Steering committee • Thematic Working Groups • IT support Group • Regulators annual meetings • Expert missions • E&T programs Libya data base Sudan AAEA Lebanon Syria League of Arab States Kwait Iraq Qatar Oman

25. ANNuR THEMATIC GROUPS Six Thematic groups were established: • Strengthening infrastructure and capacity building for regulatory bodies • Legislation and Regulation frameworks • Emergency preparedness and response • Radioactive waste management and disposal of spent fuel • Safety, Security and safeguards • Information technology

26. AAEA/ANNuRCOOPERATION ACTIVITIES • LLNL MOU signed in August 2010. • Cooperation agreement contract between AAEA and LLNL, has been signed for the organization of workshops and training courses. At least three events have been implemented every year since signature. • USNRC AND PNS • Training courses and workshops had been organized in the USA and in the Arab Region. • EU • Activities are being carried out with the EU. Additional Protocol Commodity Identification Training (APCIT)- Rabat 28 – 30 May 2013

27. The ATC projects include; training courses, co-ordinated, experts meetings, scientific visits, on- the -job training, workshops, conferences, seminars and expert missions. • AAEA Contributes in knowledge and technology transfer in nuclear field by providing the universities and colleges with proper curricula. • Publishing and translate many books in different fields of nuclear sciences • Publishing a quarterly newsletter • Organizing, in cooperation with IAEA and KINS, fellowships of Master courses in nuclear and radiation safety and security • Cooperation with Arab League Educational, Cultural and Scientific Organization and Naif Arab University for Security Sciences in introducing nuclear sciences and technology in education system curricula Additional Protocol Commodity Identification Training (APCIT)- Rabat 28 – 30 May 2013

28. Challenges Major challenges are ahead, collaboration and coordination between parties concerned with peaceful use of nuclear energy are essential at: National level Regional level International level

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