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Projectile Motion

Projectile Motion. Fact or Fiction. For a fastball to travel at 90 mph, the pitcher’s hand (or fingers) must be moving at 90 mph when the ball is released The moon is constantly falling towards Earth

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Projectile Motion

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  1. Projectile Motion

  2. Fact or Fiction • For a fastball to travel at 90 mph, the pitcher’s hand (or fingers) must be moving at 90 mph when the ball is released • The moon is constantly falling towards Earth • A coin dropped off a cliff will reach the ground before another coin thrown horizontally from the cliff at the same height.

  3. Projectile • Object that is launched by a force and continues to move by its own inertia • Only force acting on object is gravity • Trajectory- the path of a projectile (parabola)

  4. Projectile Motion • Horizontal (x) and Vertical (y) components are independent of each other • No force acts horizontally; Horizontal motion is constant. • Force of gravity acts vertically; vertical motion is accelerated

  5. What does this mean? • Objects propelled horizontally also fall vertically at a rate of +9.8 m/s2 (No matter how hard object is thrown) • Horizontally launched object and one that is dropped

  6. Rolling Ball off Table • If we push the ball harder, giving it greater ___________ velocity as it rolls off the table, the ball takes _____ time to fall to the floor. Draw the new trajectory

  7. Rolling Ball off Table

  8. Projectiles have 2 velocities- Horizontal and Vertical! • Force of gravity only acts vertically • Vertical Velocity (Vy) - Force of gravity accelerates objects vertically at a rate of 10 m/s2 downward. (So in the vertical direction the ball slows down on the way up and speeds back up on the way down by 10 m/s every second) • Horizontal Velocity (Vx) • In absence of air resistance, projectile maintains initial horizontal velocity it was given. (Inertia)  • Vx is constant! • Vix = Vx = constant • Vx = dx/t

  9. Objects that are thrown horizontally • only one factor determines the time in air. • Object's initial height (dy) • t in air = dy

  10. Objects that are thrown horizontally • To find the maximum range (dx) or horizontal displacement use the formula: • dx = vxt

  11. Ex. A stone is thrown horizontally at 7.5 m/s from a cliff that is 68.4 m high. How far from the base of the cliff does the stone land? • Draw a diagram of this situation • Break up information into x and y! • 27.8 m from the base of the cliff

  12. Ex. A baseball is thrown horizontally with a velocity of 44 m/s. It travels a horizontal distance of 18 m to the plate before it is caught. • A. How long does the ball stay in the air? • B. How far does the ball drop during its flight? • A = 0.41 s B = 0.82 m

  13. What will happen if a pilot drops a package when the plane is directly over the target?

  14. The trajectory of a projectile launched upwards looks like...

  15. Monkey and the tranquilizer gun • A scientist needs to shoot the monkey with a tranquilizer gun, but he knows that as soon as he shoots the gun, the monkey will let go of the tree and fall to the ground. Should he aim (above, beneath, or straight at) the monkey? • Monkey & the Hunter

  16. Thrown at monkey with slow speed

  17. Thrown at monkey with fast speed

  18. Does the moon fall in the sky?

  19. Satellites are • Projectiles that fall around Earth • The moon is a satellite • Geosynchronous orbits match the Earth’s spin

  20. Show what you know • 1. A projectile’s motion is... • a. linear. • b. one-dimensional. • c. two-dimensional. • d. three-dimensional. • 2. A projectile’s horizontal motion is... • a. uniform (constant). • b. accelerated. • c. absent.

  21. Show what you know • 3. The vertical component of a projectile’s motion is... • a. uniform (constant). • b. accelerated. • c. absent. • 4. A boy is riding a skateboard along a smooth, flat street. If he jumps straight up off the board, he will land... • a. in front of the board. • b. behind the board. • c. on the board.

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